{"id":99907,"date":"2026-05-05T16:51:38","date_gmt":"2026-05-05T16:51:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=99907"},"modified":"2026-05-05T16:51:52","modified_gmt":"2026-05-05T16:51:52","slug":"origjina-e-shqiptareve-sipas-adn-se-se-lashte-dhe-gjenetikes-se-popullatave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/origjina-e-shqiptareve-sipas-adn-se-se-lashte-dhe-gjenetikes-se-popullatave\/","title":{"rendered":"Origjina e shqiptar\u00ebve sipas ADN-s\u00eb s\u00eb lasht\u00eb dhe gjenetik\u00ebs s\u00eb popullatave"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

5 Maji 2026<\/p>\n

Origjina e popullit shqiptar ka qen\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh objekt debatesh, pasi ai shfaqet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb burimet historike n\u00eb shekullin XI t\u00eb er\u00ebs son\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa gjuha e tyre nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur ngusht\u00eb me asnj\u00eb nga deg\u00ebt e mbijetuara t\u00eb familjes indo-evropiane, sipas \u201cBioRxiv\u201d.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb sqaruar origjin\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve, u analizuan mbi 6 000 gjenome t\u00eb lashta t\u00eb Euroazis\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore dhe 74 individ\u00eb etnik\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb bashk\u00ebkohor\u00eb t\u00eb analizuar gjenetikisht rishtazi.<\/p>\n

U zbulua nj\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsi e jasht\u00ebzakonshme e prejardhjes nga Epoka e Bronzit t\u00eb Von\u00eb dhe Epoka e Hekurit n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb Hershme, nj\u00eb model q\u00eb dallon nga rajonet fqinje t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n

Duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb metodash t\u00eb gjenetik\u00ebs s\u00eb popullatave, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nj\u00eb protokoll t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar segmentet e identitetit-nga-prejardhja (IBD) midis individ\u00ebve t\u00eb lasht\u00eb dhe atyre bashk\u00ebkohor\u00eb, u tregua se shqiptar\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm rrjedhin kryesisht nga banor\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb Hershme, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb territorin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 800\u2013900 t\u00eb er\u00ebs son\u00eb, pra p\u00ebrpara p\u00ebrmendjes s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb burimet historike.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, u v\u00ebrejt nj\u00eb p\u00ebrzierje e strukturuar gjeografikisht me grupe t\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs me prejardhje nga Evropa Lindore, q\u00eb mesatarisht p\u00ebrb\u00ebn 10\u201320% te shqiptar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Gjetjet ofruan njohuri t\u00eb paprecedent\u00eb mbi proceset historike dhe demografike q\u00eb kan\u00eb form\u00ebsuar popullin shqiptar t\u00eb sot\u00ebm dhe vendosin origjin\u00ebn e k\u00ebsaj popullate n\u00eb Ballkanin Qendror-Per\u00ebndimor.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb Epok\u00ebs s\u00eb Hekurit (1100 p.e.s. \u2013 150 e.s.), Ballkani karakterizohej nga nj\u00eb heterogjenitet i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm kulturor dhe gjuh\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, kulturat \u201ckelte\u201d nd\u00ebrvepronin p\u00ebr shekuj me grupe t\u00eb referuara si \u201cilir\u00ebt\u201d dhe \u201cdalmatasit\u201d.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi t\u00eb Ballkanit, popullsit\u00eb e quajtura nga autor\u00ebt klasik\u00eb si \u201cdak\u00ebt\u201d, \u201cdardan\u00ebt\u201d, \u201cmoez\u00ebt\u201d dhe \u201cpaion\u00ebt\u201d kufizoheshin me kultura nomade nga stepa Pontiko-Kazake, t\u00eb njohura si \u201cskit\u00ebt\u201d, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa juglindore e gadishullit ishte e banuar nga \u201ctrak\u00ebt\u201d dhe \u201cgrek\u00ebt\u201d.<\/p>\n

Popujt e Ballkanit gjithashtu u zgjeruan p\u00ebrtej kufijve t\u00eb gadishullit, me \u201cmesapian\u00ebt\u201d q\u00eb migruan n\u00eb Italin\u00eb juglindore q\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nga viti 600 p.e.s.<\/p>\n

Diversiteti gjuh\u00ebsor dhe kulturor i Ballkanit u homogjenizua ndjesh\u00ebm gjat\u00eb epok\u00ebs helenistike dhe romake, dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht pas periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb Migrimeve, kur grupe gjermanike dhe sllavishtfol\u00ebse u vendos\u00ebn masivisht n\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto ngjarje \u00e7uan p\u00ebrfundimisht n\u00eb zhdukjen e t\u00eb gjitha gjuh\u00ebve paleo-ballkanike, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 greqishtes dhe shqipes.<\/p>\n

Shqipja p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb deg\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb brenda familjes indo-evropiane, por ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e dokumentuar vet\u00ebm nga shekulli XV i er\u00ebs son\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa teksti i par\u00eb i plot\u00eb i njohur daton n\u00eb mesin e shekullit XVI.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Prandaj, historia e saj e hershme dhe lidhjet e mundshme me deg\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb familjes mbeten t\u00eb paqarta.<\/p>\n

Gjurmimi i origjin\u00ebs s\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, pasi asnj\u00eb burim historik nuk p\u00ebrmend nj\u00eb popullsi shqipfol\u00ebse n\u00eb territorin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotme, gjat\u00eb kalimit nga antikiteti n\u00eb Mesjet\u00eb (500\u20131000 e.s.).<\/p>\n

Bastisjet dhe vendosjet e fol\u00ebsve t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve sllave n\u00eb territorin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotme p\u00ebrmenden n\u00eb shekujt VII\u2013VIII t\u00eb er\u00ebs son\u00eb, dhe prania e tyre pasqyrohet edhe n\u00eb toponimin\u00eb sllave t\u00eb rajonit.<\/p>\n

Pjesa jugper\u00ebndimore e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotme kishte nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb lirshme me Perandorin\u00eb Romake Lindore, por gjuha dhe identiteti i banor\u00ebve t\u00eb saj mbeten t\u00eb paqarta.<\/p>\n

Popullsit\u00eb urbane mesjetare n\u00eb veriper\u00ebndim t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotme, t\u00eb referuara nga historian\u00ebt si \u201cRomani\u201d, mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb folur nj\u00eb variant t\u00eb latinishtes vulgare \u2013 t\u00eb njohur si romanca e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor, e cila ka vazhduar t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn deri n\u00eb shekullin XIII.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb shekullin XI shqiptar\u00ebt shfaqen n\u00eb burimet historike, nd\u00ebrsa dokumentimi m\u00eb i hersh\u00ebm i shkruar i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb formul\u00eb pag\u00ebzimi nga viti 1462.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se paraardh\u00ebsit e shqiptar\u00ebve modern\u00eb kan\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri shum\u00eb m\u00eb her\u00ebt sesa sugjerojn\u00eb burimet historike.<\/p>\n

Hipotezat gjuh\u00ebsore sugjerojn\u00eb se nj\u00eb grup shqipfol\u00ebs mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb zonat malore q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb veriun e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotme, Kosov\u00ebn, Serbin\u00eb juglindore dhe Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut q\u00eb nga shekulli V i er\u00ebs son\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ndarja midis dy dialekteve kryesore t\u00eb shqipes moderne \u2013 geg\u00ebrishtja n\u00eb veri dhe tosk\u00ebrishtja n\u00eb jug \u2013 ka ndodhur me shum\u00eb gjasa p\u00ebrpara ose gjat\u00eb fazave t\u00eb hershme t\u00eb kontaktit shqiptaro-sllav.<\/p>\n

Afinitetet e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe kan\u00eb qen\u00eb gjithashtu objekt debatesh t\u00eb forta shkencore, pa p\u00ebrfundime t\u00eb qarta.<\/p>\n

Hipotezat kryesore p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb origjin\u00ebn lokale nga ilir\u00ebt ose mesapian\u00ebt, si dhe origjin\u00ebn nga grupet dakomoze-trake, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb territorin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb pas vitit 400 e.s.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto hipoteza jan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira p\u00ebr t\u2019u testuar p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb dokumentimit t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb lashta ballkanike, t\u00eb cilat njihen vet\u00ebm nga mbishkrime fragmentare dhe toponime.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, etnonimet si \u201cilir\u201d dhe \u201ctrak\u201d mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb konstrukte artificiale dhe nuk p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht grupe homogjene gjuh\u00ebsore apo etnike.<\/p>\n

Hipoteza t\u00eb fundit gjuh\u00ebsore propozojn\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb shqipes me greqishten, duke e vendosur origjin\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb Ballkan, por pa p\u00ebrcaktuar sakt\u00eb vendin e formimit t\u00eb proto-shqipes.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive n\u00eb lidhjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave arkeologjike, historike dhe gjuh\u00ebsore, qasja arkeogjenetike \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar origjin\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e tyre me popullsit\u00eb e lashta.<\/p>\n

Vitet e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje e madhe e studimeve paleogjenomike n\u00eb Ballkan, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb identifikuar tre procese kryesore demografike q\u00eb kan\u00eb form\u00ebsuar popullsit\u00eb moderne t\u00eb rajonit.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb hershme romake (1\u2013250 e.s.), prejardhja nga Anadolli dhe Lindja e Af\u00ebrt u b\u00eb e p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb Perandori, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Ballkanin.<\/p>\n

Midis shekujve III dhe IV t\u00eb er\u00ebs son\u00eb, Ballkani pati nj\u00eb fluks individ\u00ebsh nga zonat kufitare, kryesisht grupe gjermanike dhe nomad\u00eb stepash.<\/p>\n

Migrimi m\u00eb i madh ndodhi rreth vitit 700 t\u00eb er\u00ebs son\u00eb, me vendosjen e grupeve sllavishtfol\u00ebse n\u00eb Ballkan, duke kontribuar 30\u201360% t\u00eb prejardhjes s\u00eb lidhur me Evrop\u00ebn Lindore te popujt modern\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb studim i m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm tregon se shqiptar\u00ebt rrjedhin rreth 25% nga nj\u00eb burim lokal i Epok\u00ebs s\u00eb Bronzit dhe Hekurit, 45% nga burime t\u00eb lidhura me Anadollin dhe 30% nga prejardhje e lidhur me Evrop\u00ebn Lindore.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, kjo qasje nuk lejon identifikimin e sakt\u00eb t\u00eb popullsive romake, mesjetare dhe post-mesjetare q\u00eb kontribuan n\u00eb formimin e shqiptar\u00ebve modern\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb studim tjet\u00ebr sugjeron se shqiptar\u00ebt vijn\u00eb nga nj\u00eb popullsi e vog\u00ebl q\u00eb ka kaluar nj\u00eb \u201cbottleneck\u201d (ngushtim demografik) rreth 1 500 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrparimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb gjenetik\u00eb, origjina e shqiptar\u00ebve mbetet ende nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje komplekse dhe e debatueshme.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb sqaruar k\u00ebt\u00eb origjin\u00eb, u krye nj\u00eb transekt paleogjenomik 4 000-vje\u00e7ar t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe Ballkanit, duke analizuar mbi 6 000 gjenome t\u00eb lashta t\u00eb publikuara m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe 74 gjenome t\u00eb reja shqiptare moderne.<\/p>\n

U p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn metoda t\u00eb ndryshme statistikore dhe gjenetike, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb f-statistika, modele t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera (qpAdm), analiz\u00ebn e segmenteve t\u00eb prejardhjes (DATES), analiz\u00eb t\u00eb komponent\u00ebve kryesor\u00eb (PCA) dhe algoritme t\u00eb mobilitetit njer\u00ebzor.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, u p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb version t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb protokolli p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar segmentet IBD (identitet-nga-prejardhja), si dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb uniparentale (e trash\u00ebguar vet\u00ebm nga njeri prind) nga mbi 4 000 mostra t\u00eb lashta dhe moderne t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n

Kjo qasje shum\u00ebdimensionale ndihmon n\u00eb rind\u00ebrtimin e ngjarjeve kryesore demografike, q\u00eb kan\u00eb form\u00ebsuar gjenomin modern shqiptar dhe n\u00eb identifikimin e origjin\u00ebs kohore dhe gjeografike.<\/p>\n

Autor\u00ebt e studimit<\/strong><\/p>\n

Studimi \u00ebsht\u00eb kryer nga nj\u00eb grup nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar studiuesish, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb:<\/p>\n

Leonidas-Romanos Davranoglou \u2013 Muzeu i Historis\u00eb Natyrore i Universitetit t\u00eb Oksfordit, Britani e Madhe<\/em>
\nAlban Lauka \u2013 studiues i pavarur<\/em>
\nAris Aristodemou \u2013 studiues i pavarur<\/em>
\nZolt\u00e1n Mar\u00f3ti \u2013 Universiteti i Szeged-it, Hungari<\/em>
\nGjergj Bojaxhi \u2013 studiues i pavarur<\/em>
\nArdian Muhaj \u2013 Akademia e Shkencave e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebri<\/em>
\nIlia Mikerezi \u2013 Akademia e Shkencave e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebri<\/em>
\nDavid Wesolowski \u2013 studiues i pavarur<\/em>
\nBrian D. Joseph \u2013 Departamenti i Gjuh\u00ebsis\u00eb, Universiteti Shtet\u00ebror i Ohajos, Kolombi, SHBA<\/em>
\nAlexandros Heraclides \u2013 Shkolla e Shkencave, Universiteti Evropian i Qipros, Nikozia, Qipro\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

5 Maji 2026 Origjina e popullit shqiptar ka qen\u00eb prej koh\u00ebsh objekt debatesh, pasi ai shfaqet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb burimet historike n\u00eb shekullin XI t\u00eb er\u00ebs son\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa gjuha e tyre nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur ngusht\u00eb me asnj\u00eb nga deg\u00ebt e mbijetuara t\u00eb familjes indo-evropiane, sipas \u201cBioRxiv\u201d. P\u00ebr t\u00eb sqaruar origjin\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":99908,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85,10,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-99907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori","category-kultura","category-shoqerore"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-41562-2026-2462-fig1-html-1777919038.webp?fit=640%2C434&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-pZp","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":88982,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/delet-mund-te-jene-aleatet-me-te-vjeter-dhe-me-besnike-te-njerezimit\/","url_meta":{"origin":99907,"position":0},"title":"Delet mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb aleat\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr dhe m\u00eb besnik\u00eb t\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"February 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"4 Shkurt 2025 Megjith\u00ebse shpesh e lidhim qenin si mikun m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb njeriut, informacionet e reja sugjerojn\u00eb se delet mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb qen\u00eb pran\u00eb nesh gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Nj\u00eb ekip gjenetist\u00ebsh dhe arkeozoolog\u00ebsh n\u00eb Europ\u00eb ka analizuar 188 gjene nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhje kockash delesh t\u00eb egra dhe t\u00eb\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/auto_two-rams-met-museum1738580252.jpg?fit=900%2C507&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/auto_two-rams-met-museum1738580252.jpg?fit=900%2C507&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/auto_two-rams-met-museum1738580252.jpg?fit=900%2C507&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/auto_two-rams-met-museum1738580252.jpg?fit=900%2C507&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":51326,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/nentori-muaji-i-flamurit-jane-5-ribotime-te-monografise-studimore-flamuri-i-kombit-shqiptar-origjina-lashtesia-te-studiuesit-jaho-brahaj\/","url_meta":{"origin":99907,"position":1},"title":"Nentori – Muaji i Flamurit: – Jane 5 ribotime te monografise studimore “Flamuri i Kombit Shqiptar – origjina, lashtesia”, te studiuesit Jaho Brahaj","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"November 13, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Nentori - muaji i Flamurit: - Jane 5 ribotime te monografise studimore \"Flamuri i Kombit Shqiptar - origjina, lashtesia\", te studiuesit Jaho Brahaj - Po publikojme kopertinat dhe ne nderim e mirnjohje te Prof. Ramadan Sokolit - personalitet i studimeve albanologjike, po ribotojme recensen e tij per kete studim. 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