{"id":5328,"date":"2018-03-21T15:39:14","date_gmt":"2018-03-21T15:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=5328"},"modified":"2018-03-21T15:39:30","modified_gmt":"2018-03-21T15:39:30","slug":"mbishkrimet-ne-token-e-bazilikave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/mbishkrimet-ne-token-e-bazilikave\/","title":{"rendered":"Mbishkrimet n\u00eb tok\u00ebn e Bazilikave. ="},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nga: Etnor Canaj –<\/em><\/p>\n

Debati\/Bazilika e Ballshit<\/em>, sipas studiuesve, ishte nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb kishtare, e cila nuk i p\u00ebrket antikitetit t\u00eb von\u00eb (nd\u00ebrtesa kishtare paleokristiane) por ka gjasa, duke u bazuar n\u00eb planimetrin\u00eb e saj, sikurse n\u00eb teknik\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit, t\u2019iu p\u00ebrkas\u00eb periudhave t\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme (shek. VIII-X m.Kr.).<\/p>\n

1) Mbishkrimi dhe Bullgar\u00ebt<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2026. Gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, arkeologu dhe studiuesi austriak Camillo Praschniker, n\u00eb ekspeditat e tij k\u00ebrkuese dhe studiuese, sikurse g\u00ebrmuese n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e arkeologjis\u00eb, b\u00ebri nj\u00eb zbulim interesant n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb njihet sot si Bazilika e Ballshit (<\/em>n\u00eb rajonin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb Mallakastr\u00ebs) dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb interes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, si n\u00eb an\u00ebn historike, ashtu edhe arkeologjike.<\/p>\n

Bazilika e Ballshit<\/em>, sipas studiuesve, ishte nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb kishtare, e cila nuk i p\u00ebrket antikitetit t\u00eb von\u00eb (nd\u00ebrtesa kishtare paleokristiane), por ka gjasa, duke u bazuar n\u00eb planimetrin\u00eb e saj, sikurse n\u00eb teknik\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit (K. Zheku, Monumentet, 2, 1987, f. 97), t\u2019iu p\u00ebrkas\u00eb periudhave t\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme (shek. VIII-X m.Kr.).<\/p>\n

\u2026.Duke u rikthyer te zbulimi, arkeologu austriak C. Praschniker, n\u00eb vitin 1922 publikoi studimin e tij me titullin \u201cMuzakhia und Malakastra<\/em>\u201d, lib\u00ebr ky q\u00eb b\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebllimet 21-22 t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs \u201cJahreshefte des \u00d6sterreichischen Arch\u00e4ologischen Institutes in Wien<\/em>\u201d, botuar n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1922. \u2026N\u00eb faqet 195-196 t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs, Praschniker, na sjell k\u00ebto informacione lidhur k\u00ebtij zbulimi (Fig.1) ku, kjo pllak\u00eb guri g\u00eblqeror me p\u00ebrmasat 160 cm (gjat\u00ebsi) dhe 40 cm (gjer\u00ebsi), u gjet n\u00eb rr\u00ebnojat kish\u00ebs n\u00eb Ballsh t\u00eb Mallakastr\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 1918. Kjo pllak\u00eb, n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e sip\u00ebrme t\u00eb saj, mbart nj\u00eb mbishkrim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn greke ku sillet epigrafia si m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\u2026.\u201d\u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u2013 \u2013
\n\u2013 \u2013 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c3
\n\u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf-
\n\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c2
\n\u039c\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1\u03ae\u03bb \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd
\n\u03c4\u03ce \u03ad\u03c7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5-
\n\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03cd-
\n\u03c4\u03ce \u1f15\u03b8\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u1f15-
\n\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c2\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u2019.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

(C. Praschniker, Muzakhia und Malkastra, Vien, 1922)<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e historianit, studiuesit dhe publicistit Ilirjan Gjika, i cili citon Praschnikerin dhe autor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, sillen k\u00ebto informacione, ku ky tekst i shkruar n\u00eb greqisht p\u00ebrkthehet k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n

Princi i Bullgaris\u00eb Borisi, i cili kishte marr\u00eb emrin Mihal, qe pag\u00ebzuar bashk\u00eb me popullin e tij nga zoti n\u00eb vitin 866<\/em>\u201d (I. Gjika, Bylisi i Iliris\u00eb dhe Apolonia e Jonit, 2010, Botimet Ymeraj, Fier, f. 35).<\/p>\n

Pra, pllaka n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e sip\u00ebrme t\u00eb saj mbart nj\u00eb mbishkrim, i cili ka lidhje me ato q\u00eb njihen si \u201cpushtimet Bullgare\u201d n\u00eb territorin e Mallakastr\u00ebs, ku vet princi Boris i Bullgaris\u00eb (s\u00eb bashku me popullin e vet) p\u00ebrqafojn\u00eb krisht\u00ebrimin dhe princi Bullgar merr emrin Mihali i Par\u00eb. Ky pag\u00ebzim n\u00eb ritin bizantin s\u00eb Kish\u00ebs Ortodokse t\u00eb Lindjes s\u00eb princit, padyshim, vjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb kish\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e Sh\u00ebn M\u00ebris\u00eb, pik\u00ebrisht sepse n\u00eb mbishkrimin n\u00eb fjale sillet emri \u201c\u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u201d (Maria) (<\/em>edhe pse n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e sip\u00ebrme pllaka \u00ebsht\u00eb e d\u00ebmtuar, aty lexohet emri i N\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb Krishtit).<\/p>\n

Por, sipas historianit t\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs dhe bizantologut Georg Ostrogorsky, princi Boris i Bullgaris\u00eb, konvertohet si i krishter\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 864 dhe me bekimin e Bizantit. Gjithashtu, ai merr emrin Mihal pasi perandori bizantin Mihali III ishte nuni<\/em> i tij kur u pag\u00ebzua dhe kleri grek\/bizantin nisi menj\u00ebher\u00eb mbas k\u00ebtij konvertimi organizimin e Kish\u00ebs bullgare. (G. Ostrogorsky, Storia dell\u2019impero bizantino, 2005, Einaudi, f. 210).<\/p>\n

Di\u00e7ka t\u00eb till\u00eb e kan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur edhe studiuesit Andr\u00e9 Vaillant dhe Michael Lascaris n\u00eb studimin e tyre me titullin La date de la conversion des Bulgares , <\/em>studim ky publikuar n\u00eb vitin 1933 n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Revue des \u00e8tudes slaves<\/em>, V13, Nr. I, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mb\u00ebshteten pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mbishkrim gjetur n\u00eb Ballsh t\u00eb Mallakastr\u00ebs duke arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb konkluzion t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet, p\u00ebrher\u00eb sipas Gjik\u00ebs, mbreti Boris i Bullgaris\u00eb d\u00ebrgoi Sh\u00ebn Klementin si misionar p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur ndikimin e Kish\u00ebs Bullgare si dhe strukturave t\u00eb saj, n\u00eb Oh\u00ebr, Devoll sikurse Gllavenic\u00eb, ku kjo e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb supozuar t\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qen\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht Bylisi.<\/p>\n

Sipas nj\u00eb studiuesi tjet\u00ebr shqiptar, Ko\u00e7o Zheku, Gllavenica nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7se Bylisi, jo vet\u00ebm si nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr e fortifikuar (castrum<\/em>, sh\u00ebnimi im), por edhe kishtare. Gjithashtu, duhet theksuar fakti se nuk kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto territore t\u00eb Iliris\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut t\u00eb kishte qendra t\u00eb tjera kaq t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, si n\u00eb aspektin ushtarak, ashtu edhe kishtar. Nga shkrimet e Dhimit\u00ebr Homatianit (Kryepeshkopit te Ohrit), gjat\u00eb gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb shekullit XIII, n\u00eb nj\u00eb pasazh t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb tij \u201cBiografi e shkurter<\/em>\u201d, vlen t\u00eb shk\u00ebpusim k\u00ebt\u00eb d\u00ebshmi: \u201cN\u00eb Gllavenic\u00eb shihen t\u00eb ruajtura deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona disa shtylla t\u00eb gurta mbi t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb gdhendur shkronja q\u00eb sh\u00ebnojn\u00eb afrimin dhe bashkimin e popullit Bullgar me Krishtin\u201d (Theofan Popa, Gllavinica e lasht\u00eb dhe Ballshi i sot\u00ebm, Studime Historike,<\/em> Nr 2, 1964, f. 235-241, cfr.<\/em> Jordan Ivanov, B\u00ebllgarski Starini iz Makedonia, Sofia 1931, f. 318-319) dhe kjo d\u00ebshmi historike p\u00ebrputhet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pakund\u00ebrshtueshme me mbishkrimin gjetur ne Bazilik\u00ebn e Ballshit prej Praschniker. Pra, n\u00eb tok\u00ebn e Bylin\u00ebve, u konvertuan n\u00eb t\u00eb krishtere edhe bullgar\u00ebt me ne krye princin e tyre Boris, ku ky i fundit u pag\u00ebzua me emrin Mihali I. Sigurisht, jo domosdoshm\u00ebrisht princi Boris solli popullin e vet n\u00eb k\u00ebto an\u00eb t\u00eb Iliris\u00eb s\u00eb Jugut p\u00ebr ta konvertuar n\u00eb besimin e krishter\u00eb, pasi Borisi i Bullgaris\u00eb nuk erdhi k\u00ebtu me popullin e vet, por me ushtar\u00ebt e vet dhe pag\u00ebzimi i tij n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit te vet \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyrat e koh\u00ebs, pra Prij\u00ebsi konvertohej dhe detyrimisht edhe populli i vet q\u00eb jetonte gjetk\u00eb do konvertohej. Nuk kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbetjesh t\u00eb popullsive bullgare n\u00eb Mallakast\u00ebr (sh\u00ebnimi im). Ndikimi Bullgar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb treve merr fund n\u00eb vitin 1018 kur Perandori bizantin Vasili II rivendos pushtetin e tij dhe di\u00e7ka e till\u00eb v\u00ebrtetohet n\u00eb krisovulat (vulat e arta) t\u00eb k\u00ebtij Perandori, lidhur me qendrat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme kishtare jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb Gllavenic\u00ebs por edhe t\u00eb Beratit dhe Kanin\u00ebs (I. Gjika, Bylisi i Iliris\u00eb dhe Apolonia e Jonit, 2010, Botimet Ymeraj, f.38, cfr. K. Bozhori, Dokumente t\u00eb periudh\u00ebs Bizantine p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb shek. VII-XV<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb, 1978, f. 85-88).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

2) Mbishkrimi dhe Norman\u00ebt.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2026.Nj\u00eb interes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pllak\u00eb epigrafike paraqet gjithashtu pjesa e dyt\u00eb e saj. N\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb pllak\u00ebs sillet nj\u00eb kryq i gdhendur, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb tipik i Norman\u00ebve, por edhe simbol i t\u00eb k\u00ebshtunjohurve si \u201ckryqtar\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb Kryq\u00ebzatave<\/em>, fushata k\u00ebto t\u00eb fundit q\u00eb u nd\u00ebrmor\u00ebn kryesisht prej evropianeve per\u00ebndimor\u00eb dhe verior\u00eb duke nisur prej shek. XI (Kryq\u00ebzata e Par\u00eb<\/em> i p\u00ebrket pik\u00ebrisht vitit 1094 dhe u organizua prej Pap\u00ebs Urbani II) . Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave historike dhe duke u mb\u00ebshtetur pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb \u00e7ka sjell Ana Komnena, Norman\u00ebt zbarkojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb territor q\u00eb n\u00eb fundin e shek. XI, pik\u00ebrisht me mb\u00ebrritjen e Robert Guiskardit dhe n\u00eb veprimet ushtarake t\u00eb viteve 1107-1108 n\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn e poshtme t\u00eb Vjos\u00ebs, Gllavenica jepet si nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr e fortifikuar dhe e mbrojtur prej bizantineve (sipas Komnenes mbrohej prej Aliatit) dhe sipas studiuesit K. Zheku p\u00ebrshkrimet q\u00eb b\u00ebn Komnena p\u00ebrputhen plot\u00ebsisht me identifikimin e Gllavenic\u00ebs si Bylisi (Ko\u00e7o Zheku, Glavinica dhe problemi i lokalizimit te saj<\/em>, Monumentet, Nr. 2, 1987, f. 101).<\/p>\n

Mbishkrimi mbi varrin e normanit Robert Monforte (apo Monte Forte) \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb me 14 vargje dhe n\u00eb form\u00eb poezie dhe ky kalor\u00ebs norman ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb komandantit t\u00eb Kryq\u00ebzat\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb, princit t\u00eb Taranto dhe Antiokis\u00eb, Boemondi I.<\/p>\n

Vargjet n\u00eb latinisht si m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\u201cHic est subpositus
\nde Forti Monte Robert(us),
\nCorpore formosus,
\nprob(us) armis, vir generos(us).
\nSub Duce Normanni(s)
\ncunctis quoq(ue) praefuit Angli(s),
\nDeseruit mundum
\nDominique petendo sepulc(um)
\nHic obiit Phoeb(o)
\n(i)a(m) sub Libra quater orto.
\nDet Roberte tib(i)
\n(s)ua gaudia rex para(disi)<\/em>. (C. Praschniker, Muzakhia und Malakastra, 1922, Wien<\/em>)<\/p>\n

T\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer n\u00eb shqip si m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\u201cK\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb varrosur<\/em><\/p>\n

Robert Monte Forti<\/em><\/p>\n

I hirsh\u00ebm n\u00eb trup<\/em><\/p>\n

Trim n\u00eb arm\u00eb, burr\u00eb bujar<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u00ebnduk i norman\u00ebve<\/em><\/p>\n

Q\u00eb n\u00eb krye dhe mbi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb luft\u00ebtaret e Anglis\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u00eb mosh\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb bukur t\u00eb rinis\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n

Bot\u00ebn dhe jet\u00ebn braktisi<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar varrin e zotit<\/em><\/p>\n

Kur vdiq i ri<\/em><\/p>\n

Kur dielli lindi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt\u00ebn her\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u00eb yj\u00ebsin\u00eb e peshores<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnt\u00eb o Robert<\/em><\/p>\n

Mbreti i parajs\u00ebs g\u00ebzimet e veta<\/em>\u201d ( P\u00ebrkthimi nga Henrik Lacaj<\/em> ).<\/p>\n

Cili \u00ebsht\u00eb ky komandant norman, i cili vdiq n\u00eb mosh\u00eb t\u00eb re dhe emri i tij u shkrua n\u00eb nj\u00eb epitaf gdhendur n\u00eb nj\u00eb pllake guri n\u00eb Bazilik\u00ebn e Ballshit?<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, Robert Monteforte na sillet edhe n\u00eb disa dokumente t\u00eb tjera arkivore per\u00ebndimore (dokumente t\u00eb cilat po i sjell p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuesit dhe eruditit francez Jean Paul Migne, n\u00eb latinisht, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera sillet kjo d\u00ebshmi interesante:<\/p>\n

\u201cBuamundus, adjuvantibus Roberto de Monteforti et plurimis aliis baronibus expeditionem in imperatorem Constantinopolitanum suscipit. Mors Marci Baumundi. Antiochia a Balduino contra Sarracenos defenditur<\/em>\u201d (J, P. Migne, Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Latina: Sive, Bibliotheca \u2026,, V. 188, 1855, f. 819-820)\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrkthyer:<\/p>\n

\u201cBoemondi, me ndihm\u00ebn e Robert Monteforte dhe baron\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb u p\u00ebrgatit n\u00eb fushat\u00ebn p\u00ebr perandorin e Kostandinopoj\u00ebs. Vdis k\u00ebshtu Boemondo. Balduini po mbron Antiokine kund\u00ebr Sara\u00e7eneve<\/em>\u201d. ( P\u00ebrkthimi nga E. Canaj)<\/em><\/p>\n

Pra si\u00e7 shohim prej k\u00ebtij dokumenti, Robert Monteforte s\u00eb bashku me baron\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb (zot\u00ebrinj\/feudal) t\u00eb tjer\u00eb anglez\u00eb radhiten p\u00ebrkrah Boemondit n\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebr Kostandinopoj\u00eb. Nj\u00eb fakt interesant n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se Monteforte ka titullin baron<\/em> q\u00eb p\u00ebr Britanin\u00eb e koh\u00ebs korrespondon si \u201czot\u00ebri (zot\u00ebrues tokash) n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb nj\u00eb duke<\/em>\u201d. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb, mbishkrimi i Ballshit lidhur titullit t\u00eb Robertit si \u201cN\u00ebnduk\u00eb i norman\u00ebve<\/em>\u201d gjen mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb tekstin sjell prej Migne.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb nj\u00eb dokument tjet\u00ebr sjell prej studiuesit Melville Madison Bigelo\u00eb lexojm\u00eb si m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\u201cAnno ab incarnatione Domini MCVII., Henricus rex proceres suos convocavit, et Rodbertum de Monteforti placitis de violata fide prupulsavit. Unde idem, quia reum se sensit, licentiam eundi Ierusalem accepit, totam que terram suam regi reliquit<\/em>\u201d ( Melville Madison Bigelow, Placita Anglo-Normannica: law cases from William I to Richard I preserved in \u2026, 1974, f. 94).<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrkthyer:<\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00eb vitin 1107 t\u00eb mish\u00ebrimit t\u00eb Zotit, mbreti Henrik thirri gjith\u00eb fisnik\u00ebt p\u00ebr arsyen se Robert Monteforte shkeli besimin duke refuzuar. K\u00ebshtu, ky, meqen\u00ebse u ndie n\u00eb faj, mori lejen p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar n\u00eb Jerusalem dhe q\u00eb gjith\u00eb tokat e tij ia le mbretit<\/em>.\u201d(P\u00ebrkthimi nga E. Canaj)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sipas k\u00ebtij dokumenti, duket q\u00eb fillimisht Robert Monteforte hezitoi t\u00eb merrte pjes\u00eb n\u00eb fushat\u00ebn q\u00eb p\u00ebrgatiti mbreti Henriku I i Anglis\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb Henriku thirri n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje gjith\u00eb fisnik\u00ebt n\u00eb vitin 1107. Me tej, sipas dokumentit, Robert Monteforte ndihet n\u00eb faj p\u00ebr refuzimin e par\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebri dhe pranon, apo i jepet leja, q\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb fushat\u00ebn drejt Jerusalemit dhe gjith\u00eb zot\u00ebrimet e tij kalojn\u00eb n\u00ebn var\u00ebsin\u00eb e mbretit Henrik.<\/p>\n

Por dokumenti m\u00eb interesant, sipas mendimit tim, \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht kur Kryepeshkopi i Canterbury, Anselmi i Aostes (1033\/34-1109) \u00a0iu jep lajmin gjith\u00eb besimtareve n\u00eb Kish\u00ebn e Canterbury p\u00ebr vdekjen e Robert Monteforte.<\/p>\n

Teksti si m\u00eb posht\u00eb:<\/p>\n

\u201cEpistle 475, Ad omnes fideles E\u00e7lesiae Christi.<\/em><\/p>\n

Anselmus, sanctae Cantauriensis e\u00e7lesiae antistes: omnibus fidelibus E\u00e7lesiae Christi salutem et benedictionem dei et suam.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0Notum vobis sit quod nuper mortuo Rodberto de Monteforti in via Ierusalem<\/em>, \u2026\u201d(Franciscus Salesius Schmitt,Opera omnia, V. 3-6, 1938, f. 423<\/em>)<\/p>\n

Perkthyer:<\/p>\n

\u201cLetra 475, P\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb besimtaret e Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Krishtit.<\/em><\/p>\n

Anselmi, peshkopi i Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Shenjt\u00eb t\u00eb Cantauriensis: p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb besimtaret e Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Krishtit, p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje dhe bekimin e Zotit dhe t\u00eb tij.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ju informoj q\u00eb pak koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb ndodhi vdekja e Robert Montefortes, n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e Jerusalemit,\u2026<\/em>\u201d. (P\u00ebrkthimi nga E. Canaj)<\/em><\/p>\n

Si\u00e7 sillet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb dokument, lajmi i vdekjes se Robertit b\u00ebhet i ditur edhe n\u00eb tok\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb lindjes dhe pik\u00ebrisht prej nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr figurave kishtare t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb koh\u00ebs sikurse ajo e Kryepeshkopit t\u00eb Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Canterbury, Anselmit nga Aosta. Prej k\u00ebtij dokumenti do n\u00ebnkuptonim q\u00eb edhe Robert Monteforte ka gjasa t\u00eb kishte lindur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Anglis\u00eb s\u00eb jugut ku edhe kishte zot\u00ebrimet e tij. Edhe pse kjo let\u00ebr e Kryepeshkopit Anselm \u00ebsht\u00eb datuar si e vitit 1102, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb mendoj se duhen studime t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme lidhur ngjarjeve historike, pik\u00ebrisht sepse sipas studiueseve t\u00eb sot\u00ebm Roberti duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb vdekur n\u00eb 20 shtator t\u00eb vitit 1108, por nuk mund t\u00eb ekzistonin dy figura me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin em\u00ebr dhe mbiem\u00ebr, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vdiq\u00ebn rrug\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00eb Jerusalem. Ndoshta data 1102 e letr\u00ebs ka mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb e sakt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb element tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se Robert Monteforte ka gjasa t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur titullin \u201cMagister Militum\u201d, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ishte nj\u00eb komandant i lart ushtarak, por edhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb duhen verifikuar k\u00ebto dokumente n\u00ebse kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn figur\u00eb historike:<\/p>\n

\u201cMagsistrum militiam Robertum de Monteforti<\/em>\u201d(Viti kur ka pasur k\u00ebt\u00eb detyr\u00eb, pra si komandant ushtarak \u00ebsht\u00eb 1098).<\/p>\n

Konkluzion: Duke marr\u00eb parasysh gjith\u00eb elementet m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, si ato arkeologjike gjetur n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, edhe ato historike, pa dyshim mund t\u00eb arrinim n\u00eb disa konkluzione. Pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari: r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e k\u00ebsaj pllak\u00eb n\u00eb aspektin historik lidhur princit Bullgar Boris, i pag\u00ebzuar me emrin Mihal, i cili konvertohet n\u00eb besimin e krishter\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me popullin e tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi element material q\u00eb v\u00ebrteton di\u00e7ka t\u00eb till\u00eb dhe duke u nisur pik\u00ebrisht prej k\u00ebtij elementi do na lindnin disa pyetje.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. a) Meqen\u00ebse sipas Ostrogorsky princi bullgar Boris pag\u00ebzohet si i krishter\u00eb dhe vet\u00eb perandori Mihali III ishte nuni i tij, a do ekzistonte mund\u00ebsia q\u00eb vet perandori t\u00eb ket\u00eb marr pjes\u00eb n\u00eb ceremonin\u00eb fetare t\u00eb pag\u00ebzimit? N\u00ebse po, at\u00ebher\u00eb do p\u00ebrb\u00ebnte nj\u00eb fakt t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, pasi vet perandori Bizantin ka marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ceremoni n\u00eb nj\u00eb kishe e njohur si e Sh\u00ebn M\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballsh t\u00eb Mallakastr\u00ebs.<\/li>\n
  2. b) Robert Monteforte, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet, si personazh historik q\u00eb ka ekzistuar, pa dyshim q\u00eb bashk\u00ebluft\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tij do e varrosnin n\u00eb nj\u00eb kish\u00eb dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb zon\u00eb (sigurisht, n\u00ebse kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me Gllavenic\u00ebn) ajo m\u00eb e mundura do ishte pik\u00ebrisht Kisha e Sh\u00ebn M\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballsh. Por, p\u00ebrse bashk\u00ebluft\u00ebtaret e tij zgjodh\u00ebn pik\u00ebrisht nj\u00eb pllak\u00eb guri t\u00eb p\u00ebrmasave t\u00eb konsiderueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb gdhendur epitafin e tij?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    P\u00ebr mendimin tim, lidhur pyetjes m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, jo se norman\u00ebt nuk njihnin greqishten, por ky fisnik u varros me gjith\u00eb nderet q\u00eb i takonin dhe n\u00eb kujtim si dhe p\u00ebr b\u00ebmat e tij e p\u00ebrqasen me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb tjet\u00ebr historike po aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme (edhe pse i nj\u00eb periudhe tjetre). Norman\u00ebt nuk shkat\u00ebrruan pllak\u00ebn n\u00eb memorie t\u00eb princit bullgar, aspak (shkrimi n\u00eb greqisht ngeli i pacenuar dhe pjesa e sip\u00ebrme e pllak\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar p\u00ebr arsye m\u00eb tep\u00ebr natyrale), p\u00ebrkundrazi, rip\u00ebrdoren nj\u00eb material q\u00eb ishte aty, n\u00eb at\u00eb Kish\u00eb, nj\u00eb epitaf p\u00ebr komandantin e tyre.<\/p>\n

    Gjithsesi, shpresojm\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e af\u00ebrt i ngelet arkeologjis\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetoj\u00eb dhe pasuroj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat historike.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nga: Etnor Canaj – Debati\/Bazilika e Ballshit, sipas studiuesve, ishte nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb kishtare, e cila nuk i p\u00ebrket antikitetit t\u00eb von\u00eb (nd\u00ebrtesa kishtare paleokristiane) por ka gjasa, duke u bazuar n\u00eb planimetrin\u00eb e saj, sikurse n\u00eb teknik\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit, t\u2019iu p\u00ebrkas\u00eb periudhave t\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme (shek. VIII-X m.Kr.). 1) Mbishkrimi dhe Bullgar\u00ebt \u2026. Gjat\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":5329,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5328","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori","category-kultura"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/1etnor.png?fit=227%2C190&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-1nW","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":100145,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/sekreti-i-erret-i-familjes-holandeze-zbulohet-pas-80-vitesh-piktura-e-grabitur-nga-nazistet-e-koleksionistit-hebre\/","url_meta":{"origin":5328,"position":0},"title":"Sekreti i err\u00ebt i familjes holandeze, zbulohet pas 80 vitesh piktura e grabitur nga nazist\u00ebt e koleksionistit hebre","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 12, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"12 Maji 2026 Nj\u00eb piktur\u00eb e vjedhur nga nazist\u00ebt gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e pasardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtori t\u00eb njohur holandez t\u00eb regjimit nazist, duke rikthyer n\u00eb v\u00ebmendje plag\u00ebt e grabitjes s\u00eb veprave t\u00eb artit gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr vepr\u00ebn \u201cPortreti i nj\u00eb Vajze\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Arte"","block_context":{"text":"Arte","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/arte\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/portreti.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/portreti.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/portreti.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/portreti.webp?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100192,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/ganimete-cuka-bukuroshja-e-tiranes-qe-diktatura-e-coi-ne-vetevarje-letra-qe-la-varja-ne-litar-me-nenen-me-1967\/","url_meta":{"origin":5328,"position":1},"title":"Ganimete Cuka, bukuroshja e Tiran\u00ebs q\u00eb diktatura e \u00e7oi n\u00eb vet\u00ebvarje, letra q\u00eb la! – Varja n\u00eb litar me n\u00ebn\u00ebn m\u00eb 1967","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 13, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"13 Maji 2026 Ka histori q\u00eb nuk mbeten vet\u00ebm kujtime t\u00eb err\u00ebta t\u00eb komunizmit shqiptar, por kthehen n\u00eb plag\u00eb kolektive t\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie q\u00eb ende nuk ka arritur t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet plot\u00ebsisht me t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn e saj. Historia e Ganimete Cuk\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej tyre. Nj\u00eb histori e dhimbshme, trondit\u00ebse, ku\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ganimete-Cuka.jpg?fit=809%2C539&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ganimete-Cuka.jpg?fit=809%2C539&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ganimete-Cuka.jpg?fit=809%2C539&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ganimete-Cuka.jpg?fit=809%2C539&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100051,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/arkeologet-gjejne-banje-publike-rrethore-2-mije-vjecare-ne-aleksandri\/","url_meta":{"origin":5328,"position":2},"title":"Arkeolog\u00ebt gjejn\u00eb banj\u00eb publike rrethore 2 mij\u00eb vje\u00e7are n\u00eb Aleksandri","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 9, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"9 Maji 2026 Historia e Aleksandris\u00eb vazhdon t\u00eb zbulohet n\u00ebn tok\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb, g\u00ebrmimet n\u00eb zon\u00ebn Muharram Bey kan\u00eb sjell\u00eb nj\u00eb zbulim q\u00eb ndihmon n\u00eb kuptimin m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb evolucionit t\u00eb qytetit nd\u00ebr shekuj. Arkeolog\u00ebt kan\u00eb zbuluar nj\u00eb banj\u00eb publike me form\u00eb rrethore, t\u00eb njohur si \u201ctholos\u201d, e cila\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Histori"","block_context":{"text":"Histori","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/histori\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Screenshot-2026-05-05-145920-1024x571-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C571&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Screenshot-2026-05-05-145920-1024x571-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C571&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Screenshot-2026-05-05-145920-1024x571-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C571&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Screenshot-2026-05-05-145920-1024x571-1.jpg?fit=1024%2C571&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100023,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/pas-ballukut-anila-denaj-vihet-ne-rresht-detyroi-doganat-te-ndalin-veprimet-ndaj-bankers-petroleum\/","url_meta":{"origin":5328,"position":3},"title":"Pas Ballukut, Anila Denaj \u2018vihet n\u00eb rresht\u2019, detyroi doganat t\u00eb ndalin veprimet ndaj Bankers Petroleum","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 8, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"8 Maji 2026 Pasi Belinda Balluku, kreu detyr\u00ebn e saj, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb eksperten e naft\u00ebs dhe ligjeve fiskale, tashm\u00eb brenda s\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs dit\u00eb edhe Ministrja Anila Denaj arrin t\u00eb analizoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb parashtrimet e Ballukut dhe t\u00eb abuzoj\u00eb me detyr\u00ebn e saj duke iu drejtuar Doganave q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalin \u00e7do\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/hq720-1.jpg?fit=686%2C386&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/hq720-1.jpg?fit=686%2C386&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/hq720-1.jpg?fit=686%2C386&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100084,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/negociatat-ne-2028-rama-terhiqet-nga-premtimi-kryesor-i-mandatit-te-katert\/","url_meta":{"origin":5328,"position":4},"title":"‘Negociatat n\u00eb 2028’\/ Rama t\u00ebrhiqet nga premtimi kryesor i mandatit t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 10, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"10 Maji 2026 Pasi e p\u00ebrdori integrimin europian si premtimin kryesor t\u00eb mandatit t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt, Edi Rama u detyrua t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb shtyrjen e afateve p\u00ebr mbylljen e negociatave, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb par\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrg\u00ebnjeshtruar kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt e tij politik\u00eb. N\u00eb procesin e mundimsh\u00ebm t\u00eb negociatave me Bashkimin Europian, ka nj\u00eb moment kur\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100201,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/aranita-brahaj-shqiperia-injekton-vetem-4-9-te-gdp-se-ne-prokurime-publike-loja-eshte-diku-tjeter\/","url_meta":{"origin":5328,"position":5},"title":"Aranita Brahaj: – Shqip\u00ebria Injekton vet\u00ebm 4.9% t\u00eb GDP-s\u00eb n\u00eb Prokurime Publike, loja \u00ebsht\u00eb diku tjet\u00ebr","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 13, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"13 Maji 2026 Ekspertja e prokurorimeve publike, Aranita Brahaj, e ftuar n\u00eb emisionin Task Force me Sonila Me\u00e7on, ngriti shqet\u00ebsime serioze lidhur me gjendjen e tenderave publike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, duke paraqitur t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie drastike t\u00eb investimeve shtet\u00ebrore n\u00eb ekonomi. 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