{"id":4599,"date":"2018-03-11T10:52:45","date_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:52:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=4599"},"modified":"2018-03-11T10:52:57","modified_gmt":"2018-03-11T10:52:57","slug":"agjentet-e-perandorise-kush-e-ka-ditur-se-shqiperia-e-shekullit-gjashtembedhjete-paska-qene-kaq-interesante","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/agjentet-e-perandorise-kush-e-ka-ditur-se-shqiperia-e-shekullit-gjashtembedhjete-paska-qene-kaq-interesante\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00abAgjent\u00ebt e Perandoris\u00eb\u00bb: kush e ka ditur se Shqip\u00ebria e shekullit gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb paska qen\u00eb kaq interesante? –"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nga: Jerry Brotton. \u2018Daily Telegraph\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n

Vasari, Giorgio and assistants (16th cent.): Battle of Lepanto. Vatican, Sala Regia*** Permission for usage must be provided in writing from Scala. ***<\/p>\n

Historia, s\u00eb paku prej koh\u00ebs s\u00eb grek\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar prej fitimtar\u00ebve. Mund t\u00eb thuhet se vet\u00ebm krejt s\u00eb fundi e ashtuquajtura \u00abhistori nga posht\u00eb\u00bb ka nisur t\u00eb sfidoj\u00eb rr\u00ebfimet me histori alternative t\u00eb \u00abhumb\u00ebsve\u00bb, t\u00eb atyre njer\u00ebzve dhe vendeve q\u00eb e kishin t\u00eb shkruar t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrmendeshin. Nj\u00eb arkiv i pasur, i l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb harres\u00eb, i jet\u00ebs s\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb zakonisht jan\u00eb humbur n\u00eb histori, nuk ishte v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb pah si rezultat i k\u00ebsaj.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Por \u00e7far\u00eb zihet n\u00eb mes t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj hallakatjeje, diplomat\u00ebve, spiun\u00ebve, ushtar\u00ebve, prift\u00ebrinjve e p\u00ebrkthyes, q\u00eb veprojn\u00eb si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs n\u00eb drama t\u00eb m\u00ebdha historike t\u00eb nj\u00eb epoke si ajo e renesanc\u00ebs? K\u00ebta njer\u00ebz jan\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsi i historis\u00eb. Ata shpeshher\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden aty-k\u00ebtu dhe harrohen papritmas, z\u00ebrat e tyre humbin n\u00eb shkret\u00ebtir\u00eb a n\u00eb dokumente t\u00eb shkruara t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb anash apo n\u00eb shkrime t\u00eb koduara n\u00eb nj\u00eb larushi t\u00eb pasur gjuh\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb \u00abAgents of Empire\u00bb (\u00abAgjent\u00eb Perandorie\u00bb, v.j.), Noel Malcolmi ka nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah nj\u00eb element t\u00eb mrekulluesh\u00ebm t\u00eb kombinimit t\u00eb rr\u00ebfimeve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb t\u00eb triumfuesve dhe humb\u00ebsve t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs me ato t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb saj, n\u00eb form\u00ebn e kalor\u00ebsve, pirat\u00ebve dhe spiun\u00ebve, q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb shkruar prej perspektiv\u00ebs metropolitane t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs, Sevill\u00ebs ose madje Londr\u00ebs, por prej k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe bregdetit Adriatik, q\u00eb shtrihet n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn jugore nga Kroacia deri n\u00eb Greqin\u00eb moderne.<\/p>\n

Mund t\u00eb mos ta mbush\u00eb syrin Shqip\u00ebria si vend prej t\u00eb cilit t\u00eb shkruash nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfim t\u00eb Mesdheut, ama, si\u00e7 argumenton Malcolm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr mjesht\u00ebrore, \u00ebsht\u00eb kufiri i harruar aty ku takohen Lindja e Per\u00ebndimi, mysliman\u00ebt e t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt, italian\u00ebt e turqit, aty ku u p\u00ebrplas\u00ebn, e ku nganj\u00ebher\u00eb luftuan, por m\u00eb shpesh u munduan t\u00eb binin n\u00eb nj\u00eb goj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria ishte nj\u00eb kufi poroz ku religjioni \u2013 prej katolicizmit e protestantizmit e deri n\u00eb islamiz\u00ebm e judaiz\u00ebm \u2013 form\u00ebsoi jet\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve, por jo me domosdoshm\u00ebri t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonte m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e jetes\u00ebs, dhe ku prosperiteti ose mbijetesa elementare n\u00ebnkuptonte ndryshimin e vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aleancave politike, fetare e tregtare q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbusheshin nevojat e nj\u00eb bote t\u00eb sunduar nj\u00eb dit\u00eb prej venedikasve e dit\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr prej osman\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Duke i bashkuar t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto q\u00ebndrime, Malcolmi i shkon deri n\u00eb fund jet\u00ebs s\u00eb dy familjeve t\u00eb lidhura shqiptare, Brun\u00ebve dhe Brut\u00ebve. Rr\u00ebfimi i tij nis n\u00eb qytetin q\u00eb laget prej Adriatikut, Ulqin n\u00eb Malin e Zi modern, q\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin e gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb prej kufijve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb territorit venedikas q\u00eb kufizohej me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, dhe seli e tregtarit, diplomatit dhe \u00abnd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesit dallaveraxhi\u00bb, Antonio Bruti. Lindur m\u00eb 1518, Bruti kishte krijuar lidhje me bot\u00ebn e \u00abnd\u00ebrlidhjeve nd\u00ebrkufitare, ku besimi n\u00eb persona me leht\u00ebsi do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohej n\u00eb armiq\u00ebsi zyrtare\u00bb, duke vepruar si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsues nd\u00ebrmjet Venedikut dhe Stambollit, duke mbik\u00ebqyrur tregtin\u00eb vitale t\u00eb drith\u00ebrave dhe duke manipuluar nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar t\u00eb lidhjeve e aleancave personale osmane-krishtere, q\u00eb nuk kishin kurrfar\u00eb kuptimi kur vinte puna te ndasit\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet dy kulturave q\u00eb tradicionalisht karakterizonin njohjen ton\u00eb p\u00ebr rilindjen.<\/p>\n

Duke shp\u00ebrblyer besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe arritjet e tij, Dogji i Venedikut e shpalli Brutin kalor\u00ebs t\u00eb Urdhrit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Markut m\u00eb 1559. Ama nuk ishte i vetmi an\u00ebtar i klanit q\u00eb po p\u00ebrfitonte prej nj\u00eb bote jostabile.<\/p>\n

Edhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb fisit do t\u00eb sh\u00ebtisnin anemban\u00eb Italis\u00eb, Ballkanin dhe ishujt osman\u00eb gjat\u00eb dyzet\u00eb viteve n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimit tregtar, zellit fetar dhe preferencave politike q\u00eb do t\u2019u sillnin atyre ndikim t\u00eb madh, q\u00eb shpeshher\u00eb u kushtonte me \u00e7mim t\u00eb tmerrsh\u00ebm personal.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebri prej kunative, Giovanni Bruni, nuk iu nda thirrjes s\u00eb tij n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kish\u00ebs, duke u ngritur deri n\u00eb detyr\u00ebn e Ipeshkvit t\u00eb Tivarit, duke u konfrontuar me problemin e nj\u00eb dioqeze q\u00eb po haste n\u00eb telashe n\u00eb territorin osman dhe ishte n\u00eb gar\u00eb p\u00ebr ringjalljen e bindjeve fetare luteriane dhe t\u00eb Kish\u00ebs Greke.<\/p>\n

Pozita e Giovannit, si njeri q\u00eb angazhohej n\u00eb ball\u00eb t\u00eb frontit kund\u00ebr \u00abherezive\u00bb t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7udnuara t\u00eb kish\u00ebs, b\u00ebri q\u00eb ai t\u00eb fitonte edhe v\u00ebmendjen e papatit, q\u00eb m\u00eb 1562 e thirri t\u2019i adresohej K\u00ebshillit Kund\u00ebrreformues t\u00eb Trentit (1545-63), p\u00ebrpjekje e kish\u00ebs katolike q\u00eb t\u00eb vinte sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e saj n\u00ebn kontroll dhe t\u2019i kund\u00ebrp\u00ebrgjigjej sfid\u00ebs s\u00eb protestantizmit.<\/p>\n

Derisa Giovanni zbatoi thirrjen fetare, v\u00ebllai Gasparo rroku shpat\u00ebn dhe iu bashkua Kalor\u00ebsve t\u00eb Malt\u00ebs m\u00eb 1547, tamam at\u00ebher\u00eb kur sulltani i ri osman, Selimi i Dyt\u00eb, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte me nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr fushat\u00eb detare kund\u00ebr Malt\u00ebs dhe interesave spanjolle e venedikase anemban\u00eb Mesdheut. Me osman\u00ebt q\u00eb kishin mprehur shpatat p\u00ebr luft\u00eb, Ulqini ra n\u00eb duar t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1571.<\/p>\n

Pushtimi osman ishte katastrof\u00eb p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb familjes: Antonio u vra dhe Giovanni ishte skllav\u00ebruar n\u00eb galerat turke, por Gasparo u b\u00eb njeriu i dyt\u00eb n\u00eb komand\u00ebn e aleanc\u00ebs detare t\u00eb krishter\u00eb q\u00eb konfrontoi flot\u00ebn osmane n\u00eb tetorin e vitit 1571.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00ebrin prej momenteve m\u00eb dramatike t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs, Malcolmi me gjall\u00ebri rikrijon tablon\u00eb e Betej\u00ebs s\u00eb Lepantos, ku u vra Giovanni, mbase vet\u00ebm nja nj\u00ebqind hapa larg v\u00ebllait t\u00eb tij n\u00eb bordin e anijes me flamurin papal, edhe pse jo n\u00eb duar t\u00eb turqve, por duke u sfiduar me spanjoll\u00ebt pla\u00e7kit\u00ebs, q\u00eb e kap\u00ebn teksa ai po p\u00ebrgj\u00ebrohej: \u00abJam ipeshk\u00ebv, jam i krishter\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Si te r\u00ebnia e Ulqinit, Lepanto kishte shifra t\u00eb larta t\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00ebve n\u00eb mesin e familjeve Bruti dhe Bruni, por disa prej nipave t\u00eb Gasparos mbijetuan dhe ia dol\u00ebn t\u00eb vazhdonin tradit\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesve Lindje-Per\u00ebndim, duke vepruar si dragoman\u00eb, dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb nis\u00ebn t\u00eb paguheshin si spiun\u00eb t\u00eb spanjoll\u00ebve dhe venedikasve, me nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsim t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeve me vezirin e madh osman (q\u00eb e kishte dashur fati q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte i af\u00ebrt i tyre), dhe u p\u00ebrfshin n\u00eb em\u00ebrimin e Vojvod\u00ebs (sundimtarit princ\u00ebror) t\u00eb shtetit klient osman t\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1592, kur nj\u00eb vojvod\u00eb i ri ishte em\u00ebruar, Bartolomeo e teproi me k\u00ebrkesat e tij, dhe ishte d\u00ebrguar krejt papritur n\u00eb Dnjester (edhe pse Malcolmi zbulon nj\u00eb dimension tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb vrasjes s\u00eb tij, nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfim m\u00eb prozaik q\u00eb e lidh at\u00eb me bela parash).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Xhaxhai i tij, Gasparo, ishte shp\u00ebrblyer p\u00ebr trim\u00ebri n\u00eb Lepanto me komand\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur enklav\u00ebn papale t\u00eb Avignonit nga nj\u00eb kryene\u00e7\u00ebsi heretike, k\u00ebsaj here prej hugenot\u00ebve protestant\u00eb francez\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ai d\u00ebrgoi t\u00eb birin, Antonio, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkoll\u00eb jezuite n\u00eb Rom\u00eb, ku e trajnoi p\u00ebr drejt\u00ebsi, dhe kah vitet tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb po e ndihmonte kush\u00ebririn e tij Bartolomeon t\u00eb administronte Moldavin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ndikimi i klanit madje arriti deri te agjent\u00ebt e Mbret\u00ebresh\u00ebs Elizabetha e Par\u00eb. Edward Barton, administrator anglez n\u00eb Stamboll, udh\u00ebtoi m\u00eb 1596 me sulltanin osman, Mehmedi i Dyt\u00eb p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb historis\u00eb me dragomanin e tij: Pasquale Bruti, nip i Bartolomeos. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, Pasquale pati nj\u00eb fat t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me at\u00eb t\u00eb xhaxhait, vrar\u00eb prej autoriteteve osmane n\u00eb Beograd m\u00eb 1597 me dyshimin se ishte spiun.<\/p>\n

Jeta e Brun\u00ebve dhe Brut\u00ebve, dhe historia q\u00eb sjellin ata jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, por edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr faktin se kan\u00eb elementin ky\u00e7 t\u00eb njohurive q\u00eb na sjell shprushja e kryer prej Malcolmit.<\/p>\n

Ai kishte hallakatur n\u00eb dokumente gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb e Brun\u00ebve pothuajse nj\u00ebzet vite derisa po lexonte nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr italian p\u00ebr shekullin e gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb t\u00eb osman\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Kjo kishte nxitur at\u00eb t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb rast studimor, duke k\u00ebrkuar n\u00ebp\u00ebr arkiva prej Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar deri n\u00eb Itali e Ballkan, dhe u p\u00ebrfshi n\u00eb k\u00ebshillime me mij\u00ebra dor\u00ebshkrime e tekste n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, serbo-kroate, maqedonase dhe rumune, si\u00e7 e thot\u00eb edhe Malcolmi me modesti, \u00abn\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Tradicionalisht, rr\u00ebfimi i Evrop\u00ebs dhe Mesdheut t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rr\u00ebfyer sipas trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb intelektuale greko-romake, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptonte se shumica e dijetar\u00ebve me pak njohuri t\u00eb greqishtes dhe latinishtes dinin di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr rilindjen si fillim q\u00eb niste diku n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Stambollit (ose Kostandinopoj\u00ebs) n\u00eb shekullin pes\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb dhe q\u00eb mbaronte n\u00eb Anglin\u00eb e Tudorit n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb. Vende si territoret osmane n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Lindore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, thjesht nuk konsideroheshin se kishin far\u00eb interesi, por as dijetar\u00ebt nuk kishin njohurit\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar thell\u00ebsin\u00eb e minier\u00ebs s\u00eb materialit arkivor q\u00eb gjendej n\u00eb to.<\/p>\n

(Madje edhe Malcolmi k\u00ebrkon falje pse ka vet\u00ebm \u00abnjohuri elementare t\u00eb leximit t\u00eb turqishtes moderne\u00bb.)<\/p>\n

Problemi ishte l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb hije edhe prej Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, por edhe kur ra Perdja e Hekurt anemban\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore, historian\u00ebt ishin frenuar q\u00eb t\u00eb merreshin me zbardhjen e rolit t\u00eb vendeve si Polonia dhe Hungaria n\u00eb rilindjen e shekullit t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb, sepse nuk kishin ide p\u00ebr ndasit\u00eb e at\u00ebhershme q\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndikonin n\u00eb shekujt pasues n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ka shum\u00eb pak dijetar\u00eb me shkatht\u00ebsit\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsore dhe vizion historik si Malcolmi, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej arsyeve pse \u00abAgents of Empire\u00bb \u00ebsht\u00eb vep\u00ebr kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Hapet me v\u00ebshtrime p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e k\u00ebrkimit n\u00eb zem\u00ebr t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs s\u00eb renesanc\u00ebs, duke e l\u00ebvizur qendr\u00ebn e gravitetit kohor n\u00eb lindje dhe larg prej Italis\u00eb, pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur ngjarjet e fundit n\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrreth Turqis\u00eb mund t\u00eb provohet se jan\u00eb vendimtare n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e ardhshme t\u00eb historis\u00eb mesdhetare.<\/p>\n

Por kini mendjen: dituria e jasht\u00ebzakonshme e Malcolmi t\u00eb mban peng, dhe durimin e lexuesit t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb mund ta testojn\u00eb edhe digresionet e tij t\u00eb zgjatura p\u00ebr qarkullimin e lajmit, historia e tregtis\u00eb s\u00eb drith\u00ebrave, pirateria, lufta e galerave dhe spiunazhi. Ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb lib\u00ebr plazhi \u2013 ve\u00e7 n\u00ebse ia keni m\u00ebsyr\u00eb rivier\u00ebs shqiptare. Kush e ka ditur se Shqip\u00ebria e shekullit gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb paska qen\u00eb kaq interesante?<\/p>\n

\u00abDaily Telegraph\u00bb
\n(Vepra e Jerry Brottonit, \u00abThis Orient Isle: Elizabethan England and the Islamic World\u00bb (\u00abKy ishull orienti: Anglia elizabethiane dhe bota islamike\u00bb), do t\u00eb publikohet vitin e ardhsh\u00ebm.)<\/p>\n

\u00abAgjent\u00ebt e Perandoris\u00eb\u00bb: kush e ka ditur se Shqip\u00ebria e shekullit gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb paska qen\u00eb kaq interesante?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nga: Jerry Brotton. \u2018Daily Telegraph\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n

Vasari, Giorgio and assistants (16th cent.): Battle of Lepanto. Vatican, Sala Regia*** Permission for usage must be provided in writing from Scala. ***<\/p>\n

Historia, s\u00eb paku prej koh\u00ebs s\u00eb grek\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar prej fitimtar\u00ebve. Mund t\u00eb thuhet se vet\u00ebm krejt s\u00eb fundi e ashtuquajtura \u00abhistori nga posht\u00eb\u00bb ka nisur t\u00eb sfidoj\u00eb rr\u00ebfimet me histori alternative t\u00eb \u00abhumb\u00ebsve\u00bb, t\u00eb atyre njer\u00ebzve dhe vendeve q\u00eb e kishin t\u00eb shkruar t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrmendeshin. Nj\u00eb arkiv i pasur, i l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb harres\u00eb, i jet\u00ebs s\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb zakonisht jan\u00eb humbur n\u00eb histori, nuk ishte v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb pah si rezultat i k\u00ebsaj.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Por \u00e7far\u00eb zihet n\u00eb mes t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj hallakatjeje, diplomat\u00ebve, spiun\u00ebve, ushtar\u00ebve, prift\u00ebrinjve e p\u00ebrkthyes, q\u00eb veprojn\u00eb si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs n\u00eb drama t\u00eb m\u00ebdha historike t\u00eb nj\u00eb epoke si ajo e renesanc\u00ebs? K\u00ebta njer\u00ebz jan\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsi i historis\u00eb. Ata shpeshher\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden aty-k\u00ebtu dhe harrohen papritmas, z\u00ebrat e tyre humbin n\u00eb shkret\u00ebtir\u00eb a n\u00eb dokumente t\u00eb shkruara t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb anash apo n\u00eb shkrime t\u00eb koduara n\u00eb nj\u00eb larushi t\u00eb pasur gjuh\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb \u00abAgents of Empire\u00bb (\u00abAgjent\u00eb Perandorie\u00bb, v.j.), Noel Malcolmi ka nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah nj\u00eb element t\u00eb mrekulluesh\u00ebm t\u00eb kombinimit t\u00eb rr\u00ebfimeve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb t\u00eb triumfuesve dhe humb\u00ebsve t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs me ato t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb saj, n\u00eb form\u00ebn e kalor\u00ebsve, pirat\u00ebve dhe spiun\u00ebve, q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb shkruar prej perspektiv\u00ebs metropolitane t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs, Sevill\u00ebs ose madje Londr\u00ebs, por prej k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe bregdetit Adriatik, q\u00eb shtrihet n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn jugore nga Kroacia deri n\u00eb Greqin\u00eb moderne.<\/p>\n

Mund t\u00eb mos ta mbush\u00eb syrin Shqip\u00ebria si vend prej t\u00eb cilit t\u00eb shkruash nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfim t\u00eb Mesdheut, ama, si\u00e7 argumenton Malcolm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr mjesht\u00ebrore, \u00ebsht\u00eb kufiri i harruar aty ku takohen Lindja e Per\u00ebndimi, mysliman\u00ebt e t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt, italian\u00ebt e turqit, aty ku u p\u00ebrplas\u00ebn, e ku nganj\u00ebher\u00eb luftuan, por m\u00eb shpesh u munduan t\u00eb binin n\u00eb nj\u00eb goj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria ishte nj\u00eb kufi poroz ku religjioni \u2013 prej katolicizmit e protestantizmit e deri n\u00eb islamiz\u00ebm e judaiz\u00ebm \u2013 form\u00ebsoi jet\u00ebn e njer\u00ebzve, por jo me domosdoshm\u00ebri t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonte m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e jetes\u00ebs, dhe ku prosperiteti ose mbijetesa elementare n\u00ebnkuptonte ndryshimin e vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aleancave politike, fetare e tregtare q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbusheshin nevojat e nj\u00eb bote t\u00eb sunduar nj\u00eb dit\u00eb prej venedikasve e dit\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr prej osman\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Duke i bashkuar t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto q\u00ebndrime, Malcolmi i shkon deri n\u00eb fund jet\u00ebs s\u00eb dy familjeve t\u00eb lidhura shqiptare, Brun\u00ebve dhe Brut\u00ebve. Rr\u00ebfimi i tij nis n\u00eb qytetin q\u00eb laget prej Adriatikut, Ulqin n\u00eb Malin e Zi modern, q\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin e gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb prej kufijve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb territorit venedikas q\u00eb kufizohej me Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, dhe seli e tregtarit, diplomatit dhe \u00abnd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesit dallaveraxhi\u00bb, Antonio Bruti. Lindur m\u00eb 1518, Bruti kishte krijuar lidhje me bot\u00ebn e \u00abnd\u00ebrlidhjeve nd\u00ebrkufitare, ku besimi n\u00eb persona me leht\u00ebsi do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohej n\u00eb armiq\u00ebsi zyrtare\u00bb, duke vepruar si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsues nd\u00ebrmjet Venedikut dhe Stambollit, duke mbik\u00ebqyrur tregtin\u00eb vitale t\u00eb drith\u00ebrave dhe duke manipuluar nj\u00eb rrjet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar t\u00eb lidhjeve e aleancave personale osmane-krishtere, q\u00eb nuk kishin kurrfar\u00eb kuptimi kur vinte puna te ndasit\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet dy kulturave q\u00eb tradicionalisht karakterizonin njohjen ton\u00eb p\u00ebr rilindjen.<\/p>\n

Duke shp\u00ebrblyer besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe arritjet e tij, Dogji i Venedikut e shpalli Brutin kalor\u00ebs t\u00eb Urdhrit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Markut m\u00eb 1559. Ama nuk ishte i vetmi an\u00ebtar i klanit q\u00eb po p\u00ebrfitonte prej nj\u00eb bote jostabile.<\/p>\n

Edhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb fisit do t\u00eb sh\u00ebtisnin anemban\u00eb Italis\u00eb, Ballkanin dhe ishujt osman\u00eb gjat\u00eb dyzet\u00eb viteve n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimit tregtar, zellit fetar dhe preferencave politike q\u00eb do t\u2019u sillnin atyre ndikim t\u00eb madh, q\u00eb shpeshher\u00eb u kushtonte me \u00e7mim t\u00eb tmerrsh\u00ebm personal.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebri prej kunative, Giovanni Bruni, nuk iu nda thirrjes s\u00eb tij n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kish\u00ebs, duke u ngritur deri n\u00eb detyr\u00ebn e Ipeshkvit t\u00eb Tivarit, duke u konfrontuar me problemin e nj\u00eb dioqeze q\u00eb po haste n\u00eb telashe n\u00eb territorin osman dhe ishte n\u00eb gar\u00eb p\u00ebr ringjalljen e bindjeve fetare luteriane dhe t\u00eb Kish\u00ebs Greke.<\/p>\n

Pozita e Giovannit, si njeri q\u00eb angazhohej n\u00eb ball\u00eb t\u00eb frontit kund\u00ebr \u00abherezive\u00bb t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7udnuara t\u00eb kish\u00ebs, b\u00ebri q\u00eb ai t\u00eb fitonte edhe v\u00ebmendjen e papatit, q\u00eb m\u00eb 1562 e thirri t\u2019i adresohej K\u00ebshillit Kund\u00ebrreformues t\u00eb Trentit (1545-63), p\u00ebrpjekje e kish\u00ebs katolike q\u00eb t\u00eb vinte sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e saj n\u00ebn kontroll dhe t\u2019i kund\u00ebrp\u00ebrgjigjej sfid\u00ebs s\u00eb protestantizmit.<\/p>\n

Derisa Giovanni zbatoi thirrjen fetare, v\u00ebllai Gasparo rroku shpat\u00ebn dhe iu bashkua Kalor\u00ebsve t\u00eb Malt\u00ebs m\u00eb 1547, tamam at\u00ebher\u00eb kur sulltani i ri osman, Selimi i Dyt\u00eb, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte me nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr fushat\u00eb detare kund\u00ebr Malt\u00ebs dhe interesave spanjolle e venedikase anemban\u00eb Mesdheut. Me osman\u00ebt q\u00eb kishin mprehur shpatat p\u00ebr luft\u00eb, Ulqini ra n\u00eb duar t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1571.<\/p>\n

Pushtimi osman ishte katastrof\u00eb p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb familjes: Antonio u vra dhe Giovanni ishte skllav\u00ebruar n\u00eb galerat turke, por Gasparo u b\u00eb njeriu i dyt\u00eb n\u00eb komand\u00ebn e aleanc\u00ebs detare t\u00eb krishter\u00eb q\u00eb konfrontoi flot\u00ebn osmane n\u00eb tetorin e vitit 1571.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00ebrin prej momenteve m\u00eb dramatike t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs, Malcolmi me gjall\u00ebri rikrijon tablon\u00eb e Betej\u00ebs s\u00eb Lepantos, ku u vra Giovanni, mbase vet\u00ebm nja nj\u00ebqind hapa larg v\u00ebllait t\u00eb tij n\u00eb bordin e anijes me flamurin papal, edhe pse jo n\u00eb duar t\u00eb turqve, por duke u sfiduar me spanjoll\u00ebt pla\u00e7kit\u00ebs, q\u00eb e kap\u00ebn teksa ai po p\u00ebrgj\u00ebrohej: \u00abJam ipeshk\u00ebv, jam i krishter\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Si te r\u00ebnia e Ulqinit, Lepanto kishte shifra t\u00eb larta t\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00ebve n\u00eb mesin e familjeve Bruti dhe Bruni, por disa prej nipave t\u00eb Gasparos mbijetuan dhe ia dol\u00ebn t\u00eb vazhdonin tradit\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesve Lindje-Per\u00ebndim, duke vepruar si dragoman\u00eb, dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb nis\u00ebn t\u00eb paguheshin si spiun\u00eb t\u00eb spanjoll\u00ebve dhe venedikasve, me nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsim t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeve me vezirin e madh osman (q\u00eb e kishte dashur fati q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte i af\u00ebrt i tyre), dhe u p\u00ebrfshin n\u00eb em\u00ebrimin e Vojvod\u00ebs (sundimtarit princ\u00ebror) t\u00eb shtetit klient osman t\u00eb Moldavis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1592, kur nj\u00eb vojvod\u00eb i ri ishte em\u00ebruar, Bartolomeo e teproi me k\u00ebrkesat e tij, dhe ishte d\u00ebrguar krejt papritur n\u00eb Dnjester (edhe pse Malcolmi zbulon nj\u00eb dimension tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb vrasjes s\u00eb tij, nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfim m\u00eb prozaik q\u00eb e lidh at\u00eb me bela parash).<\/p>\n

Xhaxhai i tij, Gasparo, ishte shp\u00ebrblyer p\u00ebr trim\u00ebri n\u00eb Lepanto me komand\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve shtat\u00ebdhjet\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur enklav\u00ebn papale t\u00eb Avignonit nga nj\u00eb kryene\u00e7\u00ebsi heretike, k\u00ebsaj here prej hugenot\u00ebve protestant\u00eb francez\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ai d\u00ebrgoi t\u00eb birin, Antonio, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkoll\u00eb jezuite n\u00eb Rom\u00eb, ku e trajnoi p\u00ebr drejt\u00ebsi, dhe kah vitet tet\u00ebdhjet\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb po e ndihmonte kush\u00ebririn e tij Bartolomeon t\u00eb administronte Moldavin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ndikimi i klanit madje arriti deri te agjent\u00ebt e Mbret\u00ebresh\u00ebs Elizabetha e Par\u00eb. Edward Barton, administrator anglez n\u00eb Stamboll, udh\u00ebtoi m\u00eb 1596 me sulltanin osman, Mehmedi i Dyt\u00eb p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb historis\u00eb me dragomanin e tij: Pasquale Bruti, nip i Bartolomeos. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, Pasquale pati nj\u00eb fat t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me at\u00eb t\u00eb xhaxhait, vrar\u00eb prej autoriteteve osmane n\u00eb Beograd m\u00eb 1597 me dyshimin se ishte spiun.<\/p>\n

Jeta e Brun\u00ebve dhe Brut\u00ebve, dhe historia q\u00eb sjellin ata jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, por edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr faktin se kan\u00eb elementin ky\u00e7 t\u00eb njohurive q\u00eb na sjell shprushja e kryer prej Malcolmit.<\/p>\n

Ai kishte hallakatur n\u00eb dokumente gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb e Brun\u00ebve pothuajse nj\u00ebzet vite derisa po lexonte nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr italian p\u00ebr shekullin e gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb t\u00eb osman\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Kjo kishte nxitur at\u00eb t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb rast studimor, duke k\u00ebrkuar n\u00ebp\u00ebr arkiva prej Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar deri n\u00eb Itali e Ballkan, dhe u p\u00ebrfshi n\u00eb k\u00ebshillime me mij\u00ebra dor\u00ebshkrime e tekste n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, serbo-kroate, maqedonase dhe rumune, si\u00e7 e thot\u00eb edhe Malcolmi me modesti, \u00abn\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Per\u00ebndimore\u00bb.<\/p>\n

Tradicionalisht, rr\u00ebfimi i Evrop\u00ebs dhe Mesdheut t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rr\u00ebfyer sipas trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb intelektuale greko-romake, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptonte se shumica e dijetar\u00ebve me pak njohuri t\u00eb greqishtes dhe latinishtes dinin di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr rilindjen si fillim q\u00eb niste diku n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Stambollit (ose Kostandinopoj\u00ebs) n\u00eb shekullin pes\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb dhe q\u00eb mbaronte n\u00eb Anglin\u00eb e Tudorit n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb. Vende si territoret osmane n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Lindore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, thjesht nuk konsideroheshin se kishin far\u00eb interesi, por as dijetar\u00ebt nuk kishin njohurit\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar thell\u00ebsin\u00eb e minier\u00ebs s\u00eb materialit arkivor q\u00eb gjendej n\u00eb to.<\/p>\n

(Madje edhe Malcolmi k\u00ebrkon falje pse ka vet\u00ebm \u00abnjohuri elementare t\u00eb leximit t\u00eb turqishtes moderne\u00bb.)<\/p>\n

Problemi ishte l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb hije edhe prej Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb, por edhe kur ra Perdja e Hekurt anemban\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore, historian\u00ebt ishin frenuar q\u00eb t\u00eb merreshin me zbardhjen e rolit t\u00eb vendeve si Polonia dhe Hungaria n\u00eb rilindjen e shekullit t\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb, sepse nuk kishin ide p\u00ebr ndasit\u00eb e at\u00ebhershme q\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndikonin n\u00eb shekujt pasues n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ka shum\u00eb pak dijetar\u00eb me shkatht\u00ebsit\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsore dhe vizion historik si Malcolmi, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej arsyeve pse \u00abAgents of Empire\u00bb \u00ebsht\u00eb vep\u00ebr kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Hapet me v\u00ebshtrime p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e k\u00ebrkimit n\u00eb zem\u00ebr t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs s\u00eb renesanc\u00ebs, duke e l\u00ebvizur qendr\u00ebn e gravitetit kohor n\u00eb lindje dhe larg prej Italis\u00eb, pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur ngjarjet e fundit n\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrreth Turqis\u00eb mund t\u00eb provohet se jan\u00eb vendimtare n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e ardhshme t\u00eb historis\u00eb mesdhetare.<\/p>\n

Por kini mendjen: dituria e jasht\u00ebzakonshme e Malcolmi t\u00eb mban peng, dhe durimin e lexuesit t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb mund ta testojn\u00eb edhe digresionet e tij t\u00eb zgjatura p\u00ebr qarkullimin e lajmit, historia e tregtis\u00eb s\u00eb drith\u00ebrave, pirateria, lufta e galerave dhe spiunazhi. Ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb lib\u00ebr plazhi \u2013 ve\u00e7 n\u00ebse ia keni m\u00ebsyr\u00eb rivier\u00ebs shqiptare. Kush e ka ditur se Shqip\u00ebria e shekullit gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb paska qen\u00eb kaq interesante?<\/p>\n

\u00abDaily Telegraph\u00bb
\n(Vepra e Jerry Brottonit, \u00abThis Orient Isle: Elizabethan England and the Islamic World\u00bb (\u00abKy ishull orienti: Anglia elizabethiane dhe bota islamike\u00bb), do t\u00eb publikohet vitin e ardhsh\u00ebm.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga: Jerry Brotton. \u2018Daily Telegraph\u2019. Vasari, Giorgio and assistants (16th cent.): Battle of Lepanto. Vatican, Sala Regia*** Permission for usage must be provided in writing from Scala. *** Historia, s\u00eb paku prej koh\u00ebs s\u00eb grek\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar prej fitimtar\u00ebve. Mund t\u00eb thuhet se vet\u00ebm krejt s\u00eb fundi e ashtuquajtura \u00abhistori nga posht\u00eb\u00bb ka nisur t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":4600,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Noel-Malcolmi-2.jpg?fit=200%2C304&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-1cb","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":102544,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/shkrimi-kuneiform-shkrimi-me-i-vjeter-ne-bote-u-shpik-per-faturat\/","url_meta":{"origin":4599,"position":0},"title":"Shkrimi kuneiform: – Shkrimi m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb bot\u00eb u shpik p\u00ebr…faturat","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"July 12, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"12 Korrk 2026 Rreth vitit 3200 para Krishtit, nj\u00eb administrator n\u00eb Mesopotami shtypi nj\u00eb kallam mbi balt\u00eb t\u00eb njom\u00eb, jo p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsuar lavdin\u00eb e nj\u00eb mbreti, por p\u00ebr t\u00eb num\u00ebruar elbin. 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Ai deklaron se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb histori p\u00ebrfshihen emra t\u00eb niveleve t\u00eb larta,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/foto-3-rama-ermal-beqiri-vila-ne-france-AI-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/foto-3-rama-ermal-beqiri-vila-ne-france-AI-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/foto-3-rama-ermal-beqiri-vila-ne-france-AI-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/foto-3-rama-ermal-beqiri-vila-ne-france-AI-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/foto-3-rama-ermal-beqiri-vila-ne-france-AI-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100388,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/pse-kurani-ishte-nder-librat-me-te-shitur-mes-te-krishtereve-ne-ameriken-e-shekullit-xviii\/","url_meta":{"origin":4599,"position":3},"title":"Pse Kurani ishte nd\u00ebr librat m\u00eb t\u00eb shitur mes t\u00eb krishter\u00ebve n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn e shekullit XVIII","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 18, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"18 Maji 2026 Islami ka ekzistuar n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn e Veriut prej qindra vitesh, q\u00eb kur njer\u00ebzit e skllav\u00ebruar t\u00eb sjell\u00eb me forc\u00eb nga Afrika soll\u00ebn me vete edhe fen\u00eb e tyre. 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Formacioni shk\u00ebmbor q\u00eb mbante ur\u00ebn u prish me eskavator dhe vendin e tij e zuri betoni.Ura e Kadiut n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet. 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