{"id":43819,"date":"2021-02-05T15:20:17","date_gmt":"2021-02-05T15:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=43819"},"modified":"2021-02-05T15:20:17","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T15:20:17","slug":"ekonomia-shpopullimi-dhe-menaxhimi-qeverises-i-krizave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/ekonomia-shpopullimi-dhe-menaxhimi-qeverises-i-krizave\/","title":{"rendered":"Ekonomia, shpopullimi dhe menaxhimi qeveris\u00ebs i krizave"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"43820\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/ekonomia-shpopullimi-dhe-menaxhimi-qeverises-i-krizave\/bujar-leskaj\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?fit=696%2C387&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"696,387\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"bujar leskaj\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?fit=300%2C167&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?fit=696%2C387&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-43820\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?resize=580%2C323&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"580\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?resize=300%2C167&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?resize=450%2C250&amp;ssl=1 450w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?resize=600%2C334&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?resize=400%2C222&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?w=696&amp;ssl=1 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.panorama.com.al\/ekonomia-shpopullimi-dhe-menaxhimi-qeverises-i-krizave\/\">Ekonomia, shpopullimi dhe menaxhimi qeveris\u00ebs i krizave<\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>25 janar 2021<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mga: BUJAR LESKAJ<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ekonomia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb orga niz\u00ebm i gjall\u00eb, dinamik\u00a0, ku e t\u00ebra rrall\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e barabart\u00eb me shum\u00ebn e pjes\u00ebve. Ndon\u00ebse nj\u00eb sistem kaotik n\u00eb dukje, kaosi ekonomik ka nj\u00eb rregull, nj\u00eb vijueshm\u00ebri shkak-pasoj\u00eb, por analiza e k\u00ebsaj lidhjeje \u201cvezapul\u00ebn\u201d apo \u201cpula-vez\u00ebn\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, sepse ndryshimi fillestar n\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb organizmit indukton ndryshime n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb tij e m\u00eb pas b\u00ebhet vet\u00eb pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre ndryshimeve. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb se e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb sot p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, q\u00eb po p\u00ebrballet me nj\u00eb shpopullim t\u00eb p\u00ebrmasave biblike, i cili ka ndikim direkt, rr\u00ebnues n\u00eb ekonomi, e, p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, r\u00ebnia ekonomike shnd\u00ebrrohet m\u00eb pas n\u00eb nxit\u00ebs t\u00eb shpopullimit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb vendit. Pra, nj\u00eb rreth vicioz ky. Kjo r\u00ebnie surreale \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar k\u00ebto 7 vite nga qeveria, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb kujdesur q\u00eb me indiferenc\u00ebn apo shurdh\u00ebrin\u00eb e vet, skleroz\u00ebn kronike ndaj premtimeve, trajtimin bipolar e selektiv t\u00eb investitor\u00ebve n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti e popullat\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi, t\u00eb mos kryej\u00eb minimalisht rolin, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin \u00ebsht\u00eb mandatuar si imunizuese krizash e maksimalisht si stimuluese e ekonomis\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Por, le t\u2019i marrim gj\u00ebrat me radh\u00eb, le t\u00eb sjellim fillimisht disa statistika p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar kontekstin e situat\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>Niveli i t\u00eb ardhurave : Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb EUROSTAT, n\u00eb vitin 2018 niveli i t\u00eb ardhurave p\u00ebr familje n\u00eb kufirin e varf\u00ebris\u00eb e rendit Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb vendin e fundit krahasuar me vendet e rajonit. T\u00eb ardhurat mujore p\u00ebr familje n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri jan\u00eb 105 \u20ac, n\u00eb Malin e Zi jan\u00eb 189 \u20ac, n\u00eb Serbi jan\u00eb 140 dhe n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut jan\u00eb 131 Euro. Nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrqindja e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb kufirin e varf\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri m\u00eb e lart\u00eb, respektivisht 39% n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, 31% n\u00eb Malin e Zi, 29,6% n\u00eb Serbi dhe 25,7% n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut.<\/p>\n<p>Sipas raportit t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore (tetor 2020), trondit\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti se niveli i popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb jeton me m\u00eb pak se 5.5 $ n\u00eb dit\u00eb p\u00ebr banor, \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur n\u00eb 41,5%, nga 35,6% krahasuar me vitin e kaluar. Niveli i varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, rezulton dy dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vendet e rajonit, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb borxhi publik p\u00ebr qytetar rritet. Sipas shifrave, t\u00eb ardhurat p\u00ebr frym\u00eb kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb nga 5.323 $ p\u00ebr vitin 2019 n\u00eb 4.898 $ n\u00eb 2020-n, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb borxhi \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur nga 3.606 $ n\u00eb 4.079 $ respektivisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebto vite.<\/p>\n<p>Dhe n\u00eb treguesin e t\u00eb ardhurave p\u00ebr frym\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2020, Shqip\u00ebria renditet e fundit n\u00eb rajon. T\u00eb ardhurat p\u00ebr frym\u00eb respektivisht parashikohen t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb n\u00eb 4.898 $ n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, 7.933 $ p\u00ebr frym\u00eb n\u00eb Malin e Zi, 7.497 $ p\u00ebr frym\u00eb n\u00eb Serbi dhe 6.019 $ p\u00ebr frym\u00eb n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut. Qytetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb parashikohet t\u00eb varf\u00ebrohen m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2021 krahasuar me vitin 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Rritja e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb: Raporti i INSTAT tregoi nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb tremujorin II t\u00eb vitit 2020, krahasuar me tremujorin e par\u00eb. Niveli i papun\u00ebsis\u00eb u rrit nga 11,4% n\u00eb 11,9% n\u00eb fund t\u00eb tremujorit II t\u00eb vitit 2020. M\u00eb shqet\u00ebsues mbetet niveli i papun\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr grupmoshat 15-29 vje\u00e7, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb rreth dy her\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se mesatarja komb\u00ebtare. Nd\u00ebrsa mesatarja komb\u00ebtare \u00ebsht\u00eb 11,9%, niveli i papun\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr grupmosh\u00ebn 15-29 vje\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb 21,4% (disa studime e nxjerrin n\u00eb nivelin 51%). Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb EUROSTAT, Shqip\u00ebria rezulton me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje t\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb e grupmosh\u00ebs 15-24 vje\u00e7 n\u00eb vitin 2018, n\u00eb 2,3 her\u00eb m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se grupmoshat mbi 24 vje\u00e7. N\u00ebse do t\u00eb trajtonim lidhjen e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb me arsimimin, rezulton se norma e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb 11% p\u00ebr meshkujt dhe 13,1% p\u00ebr femrat respektivisht dhe p\u00ebr ata me arsim t\u00eb mes\u00ebm 13,4% dhe 14,4%. Dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti q\u00eb norm\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb vend e kan\u00eb t\u00eb arsimuarit me arsim 8-9-vje\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n<p>Pensionet dhe pagat: Rritja mesatare vjetore e pensionit mesatar t\u00eb qytetit dhe t\u00eb fshatit \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar me ritme shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2013- 2019, krahasuar me periudh\u00ebn 2005- 2013. Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2005-2013 pensioni mesatar n\u00eb qytet u rrit mesatarisht n\u00eb 8,5% n\u00eb secilin vit, n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2013-2019 u rrit mesatarisht me 2,6%. Nd\u00ebrsa pensioni i fshatit u rrit mesatarisht n\u00eb 20,6% n\u00eb secilin vit n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2005-2013, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn 2013-2019 u rrit mesatarisht me 3,8% p\u00ebr \u00e7do vit.<\/p>\n<p>Sipas INSTAT, rritja e pag\u00ebs reale p\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn 2005-2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb mesatarisht 5,8%\/vit, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn 2013- 2019 rritja e pag\u00ebs reale \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 1,6% mesatarisht \u00e7do vit. Rritja nominale e pag\u00ebs n\u00eb sektorin shtet\u00ebror n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2005-2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb mesatarisht n\u00eb \u00e7do vit 8,7%, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn 2013-2019 rritja vjetore mesatare e pag\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb 3,3%.<\/p>\n<p>Ndihma, asistenca dhe remitancat: niveli i varf\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb thelluar m\u00eb shum\u00eb, si p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb uljes s\u00eb numrit t\u00eb familjeve q\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb ndihm\u00eb ekonomike, ashtu edhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs ekonomike. Numri i familjeve q\u00eb trajtohen me ndihm\u00eb ekonomike, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb INSTAT, \u00ebsht\u00eb ulur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb drastike. Nga 104.398 familje n\u00eb vitin 2013, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb tremujorit t\u00eb II t\u00eb vitit 2020, numri i familjeve me ndihm\u00eb ekonomike ka zbritur n\u00eb 63.670. Nd\u00ebrsa niveli i pages\u00ebs s\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs ekonomike p\u00ebr nj\u00eb familje n\u00eb vitin 2020 \u00ebsht\u00eb mesatarisht 4.965 lek\u00eb n\u00eb muaj. Rikujtojm\u00eb k\u00ebtu q\u00eb qeveria shqiptare ende nuk ka p\u00ebrllogaritur, publikuar e v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb minimum jetik p\u00ebr person n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, vler\u00eb e cila do t\u00eb ishte guri i themelit p\u00ebr hartimin dhe implementimin e nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb adresuar si\u00e7 duhet varf\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb ardhurat nga asistenca p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb aktualisht vet\u00ebm 1% t\u00eb burimit t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave nga 3% q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar n\u00eb vitin 2010.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb nga efektet e pandemis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe ulja e remitancave n\u00eb vendet e rajonit. Sipas raporteve t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb Fondit Monetar dhe t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, ulja e remitancave ka prekur kryesisht Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, Kosov\u00ebn dhe Bosnj\u00eb Hercegovin\u00ebn. Ulja e tyre jo vet\u00ebm ka ulur t\u00eb ardhurat e familjeve, por dhe ka ndikuar negativisht n\u00eb uljen e konsumit dhe si rrjedhim dhe n\u00eb uljen e rritjes ekonomike.<\/p>\n<p><strong>KUPTIMI I SHIFRAVE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ndon\u00ebse shifrat m\u00eb lart flasin vet\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebdo q\u00eb do dhe di t\u00eb lexoj\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb tyren. Rreth 79% e t\u00eb rinjve q\u00eb studiojn\u00eb sot n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb (studim i G\u00ebdeshi&amp;King) dhe arsyeja lidhet me perceptimin e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e vendit. N\u00ebse vijohet me k\u00ebto ritme, EUROSTAT parashikon q\u00eb brenda 70 viteve Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb shpopullohet t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht. Cilat jan\u00eb arsyet e k\u00ebtij emigrimi biblik dhe pasojat e tyre mbi ekonomin\u00eb?<\/p>\n<p>Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria, n\u00eb aspektin makroekonomik, ka bjerr\u00eb gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtyre viteve potencialin e avantazheve t\u00eb veta konkurruese. Sfida e identifikimit, planifikimit investues, vjeljes s\u00eb fryteve dhe rishp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb tyre i p\u00ebrket m\u00eb s\u00eb pari qeveris\u00eb, e cila ka monopolin e strategjive dhe politikave zhvillimore p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb agjent\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb ekonomik\u00eb n\u00eb vend. Si nj\u00eb vend i vog\u00ebl, me pasuri natyrore dhe pozicion gjeografik t\u00eb favorsh\u00ebm, histori t\u00eb pasur dhe orientim pro per\u00ebndimor, i vetmi motor q\u00eb do t\u2019i p\u00ebrkthente n\u00eb vlera ekonomike gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta faktor\u00eb prodhimi, do t\u00eb ishte popullsia e arsimuar, e sh\u00ebndetshme, sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebse dhe e vler\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn e saj.<\/p>\n<p>Pik\u00ebrisht ky motor zhvillimi i mungon sot Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, sepse politikat qeveritare kan\u00eb d\u00ebshtuar ta adresojn\u00eb si\u00e7 duhet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha dimensionet e saj. Tregues final i k\u00ebsaj performance t\u00eb dob\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e nj\u00eb shtrese t\u00eb mesme t\u00eb stabilizuar n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebnte shtyll\u00ebn kurrizore t\u00eb zhvillimit ekonomik. Kjo shtres\u00eb ose \u00ebsht\u00eb varf\u00ebruar nd\u00ebr vite, ose ka humbur nocionin e pasurimit me meritokraci, ose ka emigruar dhe po tenton t\u00eb emigroj\u00eb familjarisht. N\u00ebse n\u00eb vitet e para t\u00eb tranzicionit synonin t\u00eb largoheshin moshat e reja, tashm\u00eb studimet tregojn\u00eb se edhe n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 45 vje\u00e7 shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb gati t\u00eb emigrojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre. Kjo ka pasoja dhe implikime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, sepse tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb gati t\u00eb largohen jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb paarsimuar apo pa eksperienc\u00eb, por brez i mes\u00ebm me eksperienc\u00eb, p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb pune dhe kualifikime. Madje, po t\u2019i shtosh k\u00ebsaj edhe faktin q\u00eb largohen ata q\u00eb nuk duan t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb kompromise t\u00eb pista, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb konkludohet se po largohen punonj\u00ebsit m\u00eb me integritet, ata p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt Shqip\u00ebria ka nevoj\u00eb sot m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kurr\u00eb. K\u00ebsaj kambane alarmi i kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb dhe po i bien me forc\u00eb partner\u00ebt tan\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb raportet e tyre e theksojn\u00eb problemin me korrupsionin dhe paaft\u00ebsin\u00eb e administrat\u00ebs, q\u00eb shtrihet m\u00eb pas n\u00eb pengesa p\u00ebr zhvillimin e biznesit, rritjen ekonomike dhe mbar\u00ebvajtjen e skem\u00ebs s\u00eb pensioneve sot e n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n<p>Si zgjidhje afatshkurtra p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb problem afatgjat\u00eb, qeveria ka tentuar t\u00eb ridimensionoj\u00eb politik\u00ebn p\u00ebr borxhin publik, t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb luft\u00ebn ndaj korrupsionit, t\u00eb fus\u00eb mekanizmin e PPP-ve p\u00ebr t\u00eb stimuluar p\u00ebrfshirjen e sektorit privat, t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb reforma n\u00eb arsim e sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi, skema pensionesh deri edhe n\u00eb riformatimin e territorit administrativ. Por strategjit\u00eb e zhvillimit q\u00eb jan\u00eb hartuar dhe miratuar nd\u00ebr vite nuk jan\u00eb ndjekur rigorozisht ose sepse kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb projektuara p\u00ebr imazh e reklam\u00eb, pra, utopike e si t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb paarritshme, ose sepse jan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas dore p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb vullnetit politik ose \u201cfilozofis\u00eb\u201d s\u00eb vitit zero, duke mos akumuluar pak e nga pak zhvillim t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, ose dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e d\u00ebmshmja, jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr interesa t\u00eb pasurimit personal. Vendin e ka pllakosur varf\u00ebria, qeverisja sipas d\u00ebshirave dhe interesave klienteliste ose si\u00e7 shprehet sekti i Kryeministrit: modeli \u201cK\u00c7K\u201d, i cili, n\u00eb fakt, \u00ebsht\u00eb model ekskluziv pik\u00ebrisht i k\u00ebtij sekti.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb aspektin makroekonomik, qeveria ka d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb dhe promovoj\u00eb modelin e duhur t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs kapitaliste t\u00eb pun\u00ebs. Ajo ka stimuluar kultur\u00ebn e pasurimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, selektiv dhe okult (jotransparent), t\u00eb pamb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb merita (arsim, profesionaliz\u00ebm, novatoriz\u00ebm, integritet). N\u00eb k\u00ebto kushte, \u00e7dokush e kupton q\u00eb pavar\u00ebsisht strategjive qeveris\u00ebse dhe talentit personal, modeli i gabuar q\u00eb buron nga qeveria \u00ebsht\u00eb penges\u00eb p\u00ebr zhvillim. Ky model k\u00ebrkon udh\u00ebheqjen dhe koh\u00ebn e vet t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb brazd\u00ebn e duhur.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb aspektin mikroekonomik, motori i ndryshimit \u00ebsht\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrja individuale. Shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb shpirt sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs, ndon\u00ebse historia dhe tranzicioni 30-vje\u00e7ar i kan\u00eb penguar. Madje, jan\u00eb aq sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs, sa kur nuk u ecin gj\u00ebrat brenda vendit, dalin t\u00eb provojn\u00eb veten e tyre jasht\u00eb tij. Ky shpirt sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs duhet kultivuar e mb\u00ebshtetur p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb frytet e veta. Nj\u00eb problem ende i pazgjidhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb vjel\u00eb frytet e sip\u00ebrmarrjes \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i pronave. Po k\u00ebshtu, konkurrenca e pandershme, ku qeveria ka rolin e vet, qoft\u00eb duke mb\u00ebshtetur selektivisht biznese t\u00eb caktuara, qoft\u00eb duke mos ushtruar si\u00e7 duhet funksionet e veta mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebse e rregullatore, d\u00ebmton m\u00eb shum\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsin e vog\u00ebl e t\u00eb ndersh\u00ebm. Nj\u00eb nga arsyet e migrimit n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve lidhet me rregullat e drejta e t\u00eb barabarta p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb biznes e siguruar jetes\u00ebn p\u00ebr vete dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebt. K\u00ebto rregulla n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri vlejn\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr individin pun\u00ebtor, pa lidhje me pushtetin, \u201cushtarin e vog\u00ebl t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb\u201d. P\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn e lidhur me pushtetin, militante t\u00eb Rilindjes, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb tkurrur n\u00eb num\u00ebr, por \u00ebsht\u00eb bymyer n\u00eb pasuri, vlejn\u00eb t\u00eb tjera rregulla e ligje, ato q\u00eb draftohen e miratohen posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr ta.<\/p>\n<p>Individi shqiptar ka humbur gjithashtu besimin se arsimimi mund t\u2019i shpjer\u00eb p\u00ebrpara n\u00eb jet\u00eb k\u00ebtu brenda vendit. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, ata emigrojn\u00eb n\u00eb Per\u00ebndim. Mjafton t\u00eb rikujtojm\u00eb se kur Europa u p\u00ebrmbyt nga kriza e emigrant\u00ebve n\u00eb vitin 2013, Instituti Gjerman i Tregut t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs raportonte se 49% e refugjat\u00ebve n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune q\u00eb kishin mb\u00ebrritur n\u00eb Gjermani ishin t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysma e atyre ishin n\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy t\u00eb tretat ishin n\u00eb pun\u00eb me koh\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb. 17% t\u00eb tjer\u00eb ishin n\u00eb programe trajnimi me pages\u00eb dhe 3% ishin n\u00eb praktik\u00eb me pages\u00eb. Sipas hulumtimit, shumica e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve ishin ose duke studiuar, duke k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb aktive pun\u00eb ose me leje lindjeje ose prind\u00ebrore. Rreth 85% kan\u00eb marr\u00eb kurse t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs gjermane. Shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb e zhvilluara gjithnj\u00eb e kan\u00eb mir\u00ebpritur dhe stimuluar individin e arsimuar. N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri po ndodh e kund\u00ebrta, po p\u00ebrzihen nga vendi m\u00eb t\u00eb arsimuarit.<\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb panoram\u00eb e till\u00eb nuk mund dhe nuk duhet t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb. \u201cElefanti n\u00eb dhom\u00eb\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht qeveria, e cila k\u00ebt\u00eb emigrim masiv mundohet t\u00eb na e shes\u00eb si zhvendosje globale normale t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Gazetya Panorama<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ekonomia, shpopullimi dhe menaxhimi qeveris\u00ebs i krizave 25 janar 2021 Mga: BUJAR LESKAJ Ekonomia \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb orga niz\u00ebm i gjall\u00eb, dinamik\u00a0, ku e t\u00ebra rrall\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e barabart\u00eb me shum\u00ebn e pjes\u00ebve. Ndon\u00ebse nj\u00eb sistem kaotik n\u00eb dukje, kaosi ekonomik ka nj\u00eb rregull, nj\u00eb vijueshm\u00ebri shkak-pasoj\u00eb, por analiza e k\u00ebsaj lidhjeje \u201cvezapul\u00ebn\u201d apo \u201cpula-vez\u00ebn\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":43820,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27,2,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogu-i-udhetarit","category-politika","category-shoqerore"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bujar-leskaj.jpg?fit=696%2C387&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-boL","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":100063,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/batutat-e-rames-gjermanet-jane-prapa-nesh-me-dixhitalizimin-neper-ministri-punojne-akoma-me-fax\/","url_meta":{"origin":43819,"position":0},"title":"Batutat e Ram\u00ebs: &#8211; Gjerman\u00ebt jan\u00eb prapa nesh me dixhitalizimin. &#8211; N\u00ebp\u00ebr ministri punojn\u00eb akoma me \u2018fax\u2019!","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 9, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"9 Maji 2026 Kryeministri Edi Rama deklaroi se programi \u201cEU4Municipalities II\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb instrument i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr modernizimin e institucioneve vendore dhe rritjen e kapaciteteve njer\u00ebzore n\u00eb bashkit\u00eb shqiptare. Gjat\u00eb fjal\u00ebs s\u00eb tij n\u00eb aktivitetin e nisjes s\u00eb programit, Rama tha se sfida m\u00eb e madhe aktuale mbetet forcimi i\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rama-kuvend_1-1.jpg?fit=640%2C433&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rama-kuvend_1-1.jpg?fit=640%2C433&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rama-kuvend_1-1.jpg?fit=640%2C433&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100070,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/spiropali-me-mesazh-te-koduar-ne-europe-shteti-nuk-eshte-prone-e-askujt-dinjiteti-vlen-me-shume-se-forca\/","url_meta":{"origin":43819,"position":1},"title":"Spiropali me mesazh t\u00eb koduar: &#8211; N\u00eb Europ\u00eb shteti nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00eb e askujt, dinjiteti vlen m\u00eb shum\u00eb se forca","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 9, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"9 Maji 2026 Elisa Spiropali ka zgjedhur Dit\u00ebn e Europ\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar t\u00eb tjera mesazhe n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb partis\u00eb s\u00eb saj. Edhe pse kritikat e drejtp\u00ebrdrejta jan\u00eb ndalur pas replik\u00ebs ndaj k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit t\u00eb Ram\u00ebs me p\u00ebrjashtim, n\u00eb mesazhin p\u00ebr Dit\u00ebn e Europ\u00ebs duket sikur Spiropali flet me kode. Sipas\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/683660598_988439043537725_8063354982261626819_n.jpg?fit=848%2C678&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/683660598_988439043537725_8063354982261626819_n.jpg?fit=848%2C678&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/683660598_988439043537725_8063354982261626819_n.jpg?fit=848%2C678&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/683660598_988439043537725_8063354982261626819_n.jpg?fit=848%2C678&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100008,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/vatra-e-hantavirusit-ne-anijen-turistike-obsh-nuk-eshte-fillimi-i-nje-epidemie-apo-pandemie\/","url_meta":{"origin":43819,"position":2},"title":"Vatra e hantavirusit n\u00eb anijen turistike, OBSH: &#8211; Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb fillimi i nj\u00eb epidemie apo pandemie!","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 8, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"8 Maji 2026 Organizata Bot\u00ebrore e Sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsis\u00eb, njoftoi sot se vatra e hantavirusit e raportuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb anije turistike, e cila ka shkaktuar deri tani vdekjen e tre personave, aktualisht nuk p\u00ebrb\u00ebn as fillimin e nj\u00eb epidemie dhe as t\u00eb nj\u00eb pandemie. \u201cKy nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb fillimi i nj\u00eb epidemie. Nuk\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/obsh1.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/obsh1.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/obsh1.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/obsh1.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/obsh1.jpg?fit=1200%2C676&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100039,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/zbulohet-origjina-e-hantavirusit-qe-pushtoi-kroceren-dhe-ka-alarmuar-boten-burimi-i-perhapjes-ishte-ne\/","url_meta":{"origin":43819,"position":3},"title":"Zbulohet origjina e Hantavirusit q\u00eb \u2018pushtoi\u2019 kro\u00e7er\u00ebn dhe ka alarmuar bot\u00ebn, burimi i p\u00ebrhapjes ishte n\u00eb\u2026","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 8, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"8 Maji 2026 Argjentina \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00eb hetimi nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor, pas nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrthimi t\u00eb Hantavirusit n\u00eb anijen turistike holandeze MV Hondius, me autoritetet q\u00eb po hetojn\u00eb nj\u00eb deponi (habitat, zon\u00eb t\u00eb kontaminuar) n\u00eb periferi t\u00eb Ushuaia-s, n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn jugore t\u00eb vendit, si nj\u00eb burim t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm infeksioni. Sipas\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/argjentine-hantavirusi-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/argjentine-hantavirusi-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/argjentine-hantavirusi-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/argjentine-hantavirusi-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/argjentine-hantavirusi-1140x570-1.jpg?fit=1140%2C570&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100091,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/zbulohet-objekti-masiv-qe-pershkruan-faraonin-mendohet-se-ka-sfiduar-moisiun-gjate-eksodit\/","url_meta":{"origin":43819,"position":4},"title":"Zbulohet objekti masiv q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan faraonin, mendohet se ka sfiduar Moisiun gjat\u00eb Eksodit","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 10, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"10 Maji 2026 Arkeolog\u00ebt n\u00eb Egjipt zbuluan s\u00eb fundmi nj\u00eb statuj\u00eb masive q\u00eb besohet se p\u00ebrshkruan mbretin Ramses II, faraonin q\u00eb besohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb personazh i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb Dhiat\u00ebn e Vjet\u00ebr. Statuja u gjet n\u00eb vendin Tel Pharaoh n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn Husseiniya, Guvernatori i Sharqia, tha Ministria egjiptiane e Turizmit\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/auto_FARAONI1777830684.webp?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/auto_FARAONI1777830684.webp?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/auto_FARAONI1777830684.webp?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/auto_FARAONI1777830684.webp?fit=720%2C405&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100084,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/negociatat-ne-2028-rama-terhiqet-nga-premtimi-kryesor-i-mandatit-te-katert\/","url_meta":{"origin":43819,"position":5},"title":"&#8216;Negociatat n\u00eb 2028&#8217;\/ Rama t\u00ebrhiqet nga premtimi kryesor i mandatit t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 10, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"10 Maji 2026 Pasi e p\u00ebrdori integrimin europian si premtimin kryesor t\u00eb mandatit t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt, Edi Rama u detyrua t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb shtyrjen e afateve p\u00ebr mbylljen e negociatave, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb par\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrg\u00ebnjeshtruar kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt e tij politik\u00eb. N\u00eb procesin e mundimsh\u00ebm t\u00eb negociatave me Bashkimin Europian, ka nj\u00eb moment kur\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43819"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43819\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43821,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43819\/revisions\/43821"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43819"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43819"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}