![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/librat-800x450-1.jpg?resize=618%2C348&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Libri, historia e shpikjes m\u00eb magjike dhe hapat q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkoi koh\u00ebrave nga pllakat e argjil\u00ebs deri tek digjitalizimi<\/p>\n
Edhe pse nj\u00eb koncepti i librit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i caktuar faqesh brenda nj\u00eb kopertine, librat kan\u00eb marr\u00eb forma kaq t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb edhe munges\u00ebn e faqeve, mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u hapur apo rishkrimi madje edhe nd\u00ebrveprimi p\u00ebrmes lidhjeve. N\u00eb nj\u00eb epok\u00eb t\u00eb dominuar nga interneti dhe nga mjetet digjitale, libri ka ndryshuar, por thelbi mbetet; nj\u00eb objekt komunikimi dhe transmetimi t\u00eb gamave m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb njohjes, informacionit dhe t\u00eb shprehjes artistike dhe letrare.<\/p>\n
Pavar\u00ebsisht mungesave teknologjike, qenia njer\u00ebzore gjithmon\u00eb e ka gjetur m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb regjistruar \u00ebndrrat, d\u00ebshirat, ankthet, hijet dhe pyetjet e pafundme. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ka shkruar mbi gur\u00eb, pllaka argjile, n\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00eb kafsh\u00ebsh apo edhe n\u00eb materiale vegjetale si papiruset egjiptiane. K\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit kan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer p\u00ebr shum\u00eb vite si baza kryesore e shkrimit p\u00ebr disa kultura. Me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebllim jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur pllaka fildishi dhe gjethet e drurit.<\/p>\n
Kopjimi me dor\u00eb<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb librat e par\u00eb n\u00eb kuptimin e mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb u shfaq\u00ebn n\u00eb manastire n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e Mesjet\u00ebs, nga shek III ku pun\u00ebsoheshin njer\u00ebz t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb pas studimeve dhe kopjonin dokumente t\u00eb konsideruara t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Murgjit e manastireve ishin si t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar profesionist\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb shkrimet liturgjike i kushtonin koh\u00eb edhe kopjimit dhe shp\u00ebtimit t\u00eb librave klasik\u00eb t\u00eb antikitetit. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb or\u00ebve t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb shkrimit k\u00ebta njihen si kodik\u00eb, libra t\u00eb shkruar me dor\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebra nga fletore t\u00eb palosura dhe t\u00eb qepura.<\/p>\n
Libri i shtypur<\/p>\n
Libri i shtypur m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr q\u00eb njihet \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cSutra e diamantit\u201d q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shtypur 600 vjet m\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se Bibla e Gutenbergut. Nuk b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr librin e par\u00eb t\u00eb shtypur, por p\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetrin q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb. Rezulton se n\u00eb vitin 868 kinezi wang Chieh ose Wang Jie, sipas burimeve, autorizoi shtypjen dhe shp\u00ebrndarjen e k\u00ebsaj vepre q\u00eb mbledh dhe transmeton fjal\u00ebn e Bud\u00ebs. U gjet nga arkeologu britaniko-hungarez, Aurel Stein n\u00eb vitin 1907. Pergamena e shtypur \u00ebsht\u00eb e gjat\u00eb 5 metra dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb ruajtur n\u00eb kushte mjaft t\u00eb mira n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb lag\u00ebshtir\u00ebs n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn sekrete t\u00eb shkret\u00ebtir\u00ebs, n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb qytetit Dunhuang, verilindje t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
Teknika t\u00eb p\u00ebrsosura<\/p>\n
Ne e dim\u00eb se romak\u00ebt dhe kinez\u00ebt gjet\u00ebn forma shtypje t\u00eb teksteve apo e imazheve pa qen\u00eb nevoja t\u00eb kopjoheshin me dor\u00eb, me ndihm\u00ebn e pllakave dhe vulave q\u00eb lejonin shtypjen e disa ekzemplar\u00ebve. Megjithat\u00eb revolucioni i shtypjes ndodhi n\u00eb shek XV me shpikjen e shtypjes moderne. Johann Gutenberg i hyri pun\u00ebs t\u00eb krijonte modele druri p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn nga shkronjat e alfabetit q\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb i mbushi me plumb. N\u00eb vitin 1449 u shtyp libri i par\u00eb \u201cmeshari i Kostanc\u00ebs\u201d n\u00eb shtypshkronj\u00ebn e Mainz n\u00eb Gjermani. Me shtypjen e Bibl\u00ebs, Vulgat\u00ebn, gutenbergu p\u00ebrsosi teknik\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb patur nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr q\u00eb n\u00eb dukje nuk do t\u00eb kishte ndryshim nga nj\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrim.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrparime<\/p>\n
Zhvillimi i librit pati nj\u00eb hov me mekanizmin e shtypjes n\u00eb shek XIX. Ky ndryshim k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqte k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn n\u00eb rritje p\u00ebr libra n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb e industrializuara. N\u00eb shek e XX edhe pse n\u00eb konkurrenc\u00eb me mjete t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb informimit libri ruajti nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjen e dijes, n\u00eb shp\u00ebtimin dhe ruajtjen e informacionit. Lazerat ose printerat e m\u00ebdhenj reduktuan hapsirat e z\u00ebna nga makinerit\u00eb e shtypjes dhe krijuan shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebri t\u00eb mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb shtypjes n\u00eb tirazhe m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla. Sot p\u00ebrparimet kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar versione digjitale t\u00eb librave duke leht\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrmbajtjen n\u00eb forma t\u00eb reja leximi dhe qasje ndaj leximit t\u00eb librit.<\/p>\n
Nga Ana Sof\u00eda Ram\u00edrez Heatley<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Libri, historia e shpikjes m\u00eb magjike dhe hapat q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkoi koh\u00ebrave nga pllakat e argjil\u00ebs deri tek digjitalizimi Edhe pse nj\u00eb koncepti i librit \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i caktuar faqesh brenda nj\u00eb kopertine, librat kan\u00eb marr\u00eb forma kaq t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb edhe munges\u00ebn e faqeve, mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u hapur apo rishkrimi madje edhe nd\u00ebrveprimi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":43527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[10,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43526","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultura","category-shoqerore"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/librat-800x450-1.jpg?fit=800%2C450&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-bk2","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":92734,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/historia-e-erret-e-arkes-se-beselidhjes-reliktit-me-te-shenjte-te-izraeliteve-te-lashte\/","url_meta":{"origin":43526,"position":0},"title":"Historia e err\u00ebt e Ark\u00ebs s\u00eb Bes\u00eblidhjes, reliktit m\u00eb t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb t\u00eb izraelit\u00ebve t\u00eb lasht\u00eb","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"June 21, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"21 Qershor 2025 N\u00eb filmin e vitit 1981 Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indiana Jones garon p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur Ark\u00ebn e Bes\u00eblidhjes p\u00ebrpara se ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb nazist\u00ebt. Por, ndon\u00ebse ky film aventuresk \u00ebsht\u00eb trillim, ai p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb nga referencat m\u00eb t\u00eb famshme moderne p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb relikt fetar, i cili thuhet\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Histori"","block_context":{"text":"Histori","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/histori\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/auto_AA1xXKaB1750437580.jpg?fit=900%2C555&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/auto_AA1xXKaB1750437580.jpg?fit=900%2C555&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/auto_AA1xXKaB1750437580.jpg?fit=900%2C555&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/auto_AA1xXKaB1750437580.jpg?fit=900%2C555&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":40910,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/libri-i-ri-i-aurel-plasarit-per-te-hershmen-e-te-famshmen-arbni\/","url_meta":{"origin":43526,"position":1},"title":"Libri i ri i Aurel Plasarit per te hershmen e te famshmen Arbni","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"November 16, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Libri i ri i Aurel Plasarit per te hershmen e te famshmen Arbni 15\/11\/2020 Nga Fahri Balliu \u2013 (Mendime dhe emocione per librin \u201cArbni\u201dHistorik, Gjeografik, Kishtar dhe Politik. 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Q\u00eb nga viti 1964, arkeolog\u00ebt kan\u00eb gjetur 15 pllaka t\u00eb ndryshme me gdhendje t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme n\u00eb nj\u00eb vendbanim t\u00eb lasht\u00eb n\u00eb Jordani. Fal\u00eb\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_9396-1.png?fit=646%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_9396-1.png?fit=646%2C375&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_9396-1.png?fit=646%2C375&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":70053,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/libri-i-recetave-te-gatimit-qe-vlen-gjysme-milion-euro-del-ne-ankand\/","url_meta":{"origin":43526,"position":3},"title":"Libri i recetave t\u00eb gatimit, q\u00eb vlen gjysm\u00eb milion euro del n\u00eb ankand","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"March 25, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"25 Mars 2023 Nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr gatimi i vler\u00ebsuar n\u00eb gjysm\u00eb milioni euro, \u201cViandier\u201d nga Taillevent, p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb ankand n\u00eb Christie\u2019s n\u00eb Paris. 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B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr librin \u201cPresheva- pjes\u00eb e pandar\u00eb e L\u00ebvizjes Komb\u00ebtare n\u00ebp\u00ebr shekuj\u201d, e autorit preshevar, profesor Xhemaledin Salihu. 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