{"id":42535,"date":"2021-01-02T19:03:38","date_gmt":"2021-01-02T19:03:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=42535"},"modified":"2021-01-02T19:03:38","modified_gmt":"2021-01-02T19:03:38","slug":"lufta-mes-neandertaleve-dhe-njerezve-moderne-qe-la-specien-tone-ne-krye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/lufta-mes-neandertaleve-dhe-njerezve-moderne-qe-la-specien-tone-ne-krye\/","title":{"rendered":"Lufta mes Neandertal\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb q\u00eb la specien ton\u00eb n\u00eb krye"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"

Lufta mes Neandertal\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb q\u00eb la specien ton\u00eb n\u00eb krye<\/p><\/div>\n

Lufta mes Neandertal\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb q\u00eb la specien ton\u00eb n\u00eb krye<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nentor 2020<\/b><\/p>\n

Arsyeja pse Neandertal\u00ebt u zhduk\u00ebn 40,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb ende diskutohet, por biologu evolucionar Nicholas Longrich shikon provat p\u00ebr nj\u00eb luft\u00eb midis tyre dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rreth 600,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, njer\u00ebzimi u nda n\u00eb dy grupe. Nj\u00eb grup q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, duke u evoluar n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb njeriu sot. Tjetri q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb Azi dhe m\u00eb pas n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb Homo neanderthalensi – Neandertal\u00ebt. Ata nuk ishin paraardh\u00ebsit tan\u00eb (me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrthurjeje t\u00eb vog\u00ebl), por nj\u00eb specie mot\u00ebr, q\u00eb evoluon paralelisht.<\/p>\n

Neandertal\u00ebt na magjepsin p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb ata na tregojn\u00eb p\u00ebr veten ton\u00eb – kush ishim dhe kush mund t\u00eb ishim b\u00ebr\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb josh\u00ebse t’i shoh\u00ebsh ata n\u00eb terma idilik\u00eb, duke jetuar n\u00eb paqe me natyr\u00ebn dhe nj\u00ebri-tjetrin. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, mbase s\u00ebmundjet e njer\u00ebzimit – ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht territoriteti yn\u00eb, dhuna, luft\u00ebrat – nuk jan\u00eb shpikje t\u00eb lindura, por moderne.<\/p>\n

Biologjia dhe paleontologjia, megjithat\u00eb, paraqesin nj\u00eb pamje m\u00eb t\u00eb err\u00ebt. Larg paqes, Neandertal\u00ebt ishin luft\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb dhe luft\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm, t\u00eb rivalizuar vet\u00ebm nga njer\u00ebzit modern\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Gjitar\u00ebt e tok\u00ebs grabitqare jan\u00eb territoriale, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht gjuetar\u00ebt. Ashtu si luan\u00ebt, ujq\u00ebrit dhe speciet tona Homo sapiens, Neandertal\u00ebt ishin gjuetar\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunues. Grabitqar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb, t\u00eb ulur n\u00eb maj\u00eb t\u00eb zinxhirit ushqimor, kan\u00eb disa grabitqar\u00eb t\u00eb tyre, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb mbipopullimi nxit konflikte p\u00ebr vendet e gjuetis\u00eb. Neandertal\u00ebt u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin problem – n\u00ebse speciet e tjera nuk do t\u00eb kontrollonin numrin e tyre, konflikt do t\u00eb kishte.<\/p>\n

Kjo territorialitet i ka rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt e thella te njer\u00ebzit. Konfliktet territoriale jan\u00eb gjithashtu intensive n\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit tan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb, shimpanzet\u00eb. Shimpazet\u00eb meshkuj n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb rutinore b\u00ebhen banda p\u00ebr t\u00eb sulmuar dhe vrar\u00eb meshkuj nga bandat rivale, nj\u00eb sjellje e habitshme si lufta njer\u00ebzore. Kjo n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb agresioni bashk\u00ebpunues evoluoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb paraardh\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb shimpanzeve dhe vetvetes, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn shtat\u00eb milion vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, Neandertal\u00ebt do t\u00eb ken\u00eb trash\u00ebguar t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat tendenca drejt agresionit bashk\u00ebpunues.<\/p>\n

Lufta \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e brendshme e t\u00eb qenit njeri. Lufta nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shpikje moderne, por nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e lasht\u00eb, themelore e njer\u00ebzimit ton\u00eb. Historikisht, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popujt luftuan. Shkrimet tona m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbushura me histori lufte. Arkeologjia zbulon fortesa dhe beteja antike dhe vende t\u00eb masakrave parahistorike q\u00eb shkojn\u00eb prapa mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Lufta \u00ebsht\u00eb njer\u00ebzore – dhe Neandertal\u00ebt ishin shum\u00eb si ne. Ne jemi jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm n\u00eb anatomin\u00eb ton\u00eb t\u00eb kafk\u00ebs dhe skeletit dhe ndajm\u00eb 99.7% t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb ton\u00eb. N\u00eb sjellje, Neandertal\u00ebt ishin mahnitsh\u00ebm si ne. Ata b\u00ebn\u00eb zjarr, b\u00ebn\u00eb vepra arti dhe faltore prej guri. N\u00ebse Neandertal\u00ebt ndanin kaq shum\u00eb instikte tona krijuese, ata ndoshta ndanin shum\u00eb nga instinktet tona shkat\u00ebrruese, gjithashtu.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Lufta mes Neandertal\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb q\u00eb la specien ton\u00eb n\u00eb krye<\/p><\/div>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat arkeologjike konfirmojn\u00eb se jet\u00ebt e Neandertalit ishin gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebrve\u00e7 paqes.<\/p>\n

Ata ishin gjuetar\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb gjahut t\u00eb madh, duke p\u00ebrdorur shtiza p\u00ebr t\u00eb rr\u00ebzuar drer\u00ebt, dhit\u00eb e eg\u00ebr, bizon\u00ebt, madje edhe rinoceront\u00ebt. Arkeologjia sugjeron q\u00eb konflikte t\u00eb tilla ishin t\u00eb zakonshme.<\/p>\n

Lufta prehistorike l\u00eb shenja treguese. Nj\u00eb shkop n\u00eb kok\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efikase p\u00ebr t\u00eb vrar\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb Homo sapiens prehistorik shpesh tregon traum\u00eb n\u00eb kafk\u00eb. Po ashtu edhe Neandertal\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e luft\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb thyerja n\u00eb krahun e posht\u00ebm t\u00eb shkaktuar nga mbrojtja nga goditjet. T\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nj\u00eb Neandertal, nga Shpella Shanidar n\u00eb Irak, u godit nga nj\u00eb shtiz\u00eb n\u00eb gjoks. Trauma ishte ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e zakonshme tek meshkujt e rinj Neandertal, ashtu si edhe vdekjet. Disa l\u00ebndime mund t\u00eb ishin mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb gjueti, por modelet p\u00ebrputhen me ato t\u00eb parashikuara p\u00ebr nj\u00eb popull t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb nd\u00ebrfisnore – konflikt i shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb vog\u00ebl, por intensiv, i zgjatur, luft\u00ebra t\u00eb mbizot\u00ebruara nga sulmet dhe pritat e stilit gueril\u00eb, me beteja m\u00eb t\u00eb rralla.<\/p>\n

Lufta l\u00eb nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb holl\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00ebn e kufijve territorial\u00eb. D\u00ebshmia m\u00eb e mir\u00eb se Neandertal\u00ebt jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb luftuan, por shk\u00eblqyen n\u00eb luft\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb se ata u takuan me ne dhe nuk u mposht\u00ebn menj\u00ebher\u00eb. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr rreth 100,000 vjet, Neandertal\u00ebt i rezistuan zgjerimit modern njer\u00ebzor.<\/p>\n

Pse do t\u00eb na duhej kaq shum\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb Afrik\u00ebn? Jo sepse ambienti ishte armiq\u00ebsor, por sepse Neandertal\u00ebt tashm\u00eb po lul\u00ebzonin n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe Azi.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit modern\u00eb t\u00eb takohen me Neandertal\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb vendosin t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb. Rritja e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pashmangshme i detyron njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb marrin m\u00eb shum\u00eb tok\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar territor t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjuajtur dhe ushqyer ushqime p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre. Por nj\u00eb strategji agresive ushtarake \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb strategji e mir\u00eb evolucionare.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr mij\u00ebra vjet, ne duhet t\u00eb kemi provuar luft\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tyre, dhe p\u00ebr mij\u00ebra vjet, kemi humbur. N\u00eb arm\u00eb, taktika, strategji, ne ishim t\u00eb barabart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Neandertal\u00ebt ndoshta kishin p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi taktike dhe strategjike. Ata kishin pushtuar Lindjen e Mesme p\u00ebr mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00eb, duke fituar padyshim njohuri intime t\u00eb terrenit, stin\u00ebve, si t\u00eb jetojn\u00eb jasht\u00eb mes bim\u00ebve dhe kafsh\u00ebve vendase. N\u00eb betej\u00eb, nd\u00ebrtimet e tyre masive dhe muskulore duhet t’i ken\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb ata luft\u00ebtar\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrues. Syt\u00eb e tyre t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj me gjas\u00eb u dhan\u00eb Neandertal\u00ebve nj\u00eb vizion superior me drit\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb manovronin n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00eb ??p\u00ebr pritat dhe sulmet e agimit.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, situata ndryshoi. Nuk dihet ende pse, por \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur shpikja e arm\u00ebve superiore me rreze – harqet, hedh\u00ebsit e shtizave, shkopinjt\u00eb\u00a0 hedh\u00ebs, mudn t\u00eb ken\u00eb ndikuar.<\/p>\n

Edhe pasi Homo sapiens primitiv shp\u00ebrtheu nga Afrika 200,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, u desh\u00ebn mbi 150,000 vjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar tokat e Neandertalit. N\u00eb Izrael dhe Greqi, arkaik Homo sapiens mori terren vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t’u rikthyer kund\u00ebr kund\u00ebrsulmave t\u00eb Neandertalit, para se nj\u00eb sulm i fundit nga Homo sapiens modern, duke filluar 125,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, t’i eliminonte ata.<\/p>\n

Kjo nuk ishte nj\u00eb rrufe n\u00eb qiell, si\u00e7 do t\u00eb pritej n\u00ebse Neandertal\u00ebt do t\u00eb ishin ose paq\u00ebsor\u00eb ose luft\u00ebtar\u00eb inferior\u00eb, por nj\u00eb luft\u00eb e gjat\u00eb tretjeje. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, ne fituam. Por kjo nuk ndodhi sepse ata ishin m\u00eb pak t\u00eb prirur p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar. N\u00eb fund, ne me siguri u b\u00ebm\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb se sa ishin.<\/p>\n

Gazeta Shqip<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lufta mes Neandertal\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb q\u00eb la specien ton\u00eb n\u00eb krye Nentor 2020 Arsyeja pse Neandertal\u00ebt u zhduk\u00ebn 40,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb ende diskutohet, por biologu evolucionar Nicholas Longrich shikon provat p\u00ebr nj\u00eb luft\u00eb midis tyre dhe njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb. Rreth 600,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb, njer\u00ebzimi u nda n\u00eb dy grupe. Nj\u00eb grup q\u00ebndroi n\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":42537,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85,10,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori","category-kultura","category-press-releases"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Lufta-mes-Neandertaleve-dhe-njerezve-moderne-qe-la-specien-tone-ne-krye.png?fit=640%2C366&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-b43","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":99633,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/studim-i-ri-foshnjat-neandertale-rriteshin-shume-me-shpejt-se-njerezit-moderne\/","url_meta":{"origin":42535,"position":0},"title":"Studim i ri\/ Foshnjat Neandertale rriteshin shum\u00eb m\u00eb shpejt se njer\u00ebzit modern\u00eb","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"April 21, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"21 Prill 2026 Nj\u00eb studim i ri shkencor ka zbuluar se foshnjat e Neandertal\u00ebt rriteshin me nj\u00eb rit\u00ebm duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb se foshnjat e njer\u00ebzve modern\u00eb, duke arritur p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb ngjashme me nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb 12\u201314 muajsh brenda vet\u00ebm gjasht\u00eb muajve t\u00eb jet\u00ebs. Zbulimi bazohet n\u00eb skeletin jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb plot\u00eb\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/c51abfd2-1776608668211-844932252-clipboard04-19-202601.jpg?fit=770%2C462&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/c51abfd2-1776608668211-844932252-clipboard04-19-202601.jpg?fit=770%2C462&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/c51abfd2-1776608668211-844932252-clipboard04-19-202601.jpg?fit=770%2C462&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/c51abfd2-1776608668211-844932252-clipboard04-19-202601.jpg?fit=770%2C462&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":49683,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/e-zbuluar-se-fundmi-cfare-dihet-per-kafken-e-njeriut-dragua-mund-te-ndryshoje-thelbesisht-kuptimin-e-evolucionit-njerezor\/","url_meta":{"origin":42535,"position":1},"title":"E zbuluar s\u00eb fundmi\/ \u00c7far\u00eb dihet p\u00ebr kafk\u00ebn e \u201cNjeriut Dragua\u201d, mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb thelb\u00ebsisht kuptimin e evolucionit njer\u00ebzor","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"September 7, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"E zbuluar s\u00eb fundmi\/ \u00c7far\u00eb dihet p\u00ebr kafk\u00ebn e \u201cNjeriut Dragua\u201d, mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb thelb\u00ebsisht kuptimin e evolucionit njer\u00ebzor Nj\u00eb kafk\u00eb e ruajtur pothuajse n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkryer p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 140 mij\u00eb vjet n\u00eb Kin\u00ebn verilindore p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb specie t\u00eb re t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve antik\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Histori"","block_context":{"text":"Histori","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/histori\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640-0-60d85ef429b35.png?fit=640%2C360&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640-0-60d85ef429b35.png?fit=640%2C360&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/640-0-60d85ef429b35.png?fit=640%2C360&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":40836,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/pse-u-zhduken-neandertalet-nje-version-qe-lidhet-me-zjarrin\/","url_meta":{"origin":42535,"position":2},"title":"Pse u zhduk\u00ebn Neandertal\u00ebt? 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