{"id":25115,"date":"2019-08-25T16:48:37","date_gmt":"2019-08-25T16:48:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=25115"},"modified":"2019-08-25T16:48:37","modified_gmt":"2019-08-25T16:48:37","slug":"zef-preci-aksioni-anti-informalitet-favorizohen-oligarket","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/zef-preci-aksioni-anti-informalitet-favorizohen-oligarket\/","title":{"rendered":"Zef Pre\u00e7i: Aksioni anti-informalitet, favorizohen oligark\u00ebt"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Zef Pre\u00e7i: Aksioni anti-informalitet, favorizohen oligark\u00ebt<\/strong><\/p>\n

24\/08\/19<\/p>\n

Gazeta\u00a0 mapo.al<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Aksioni anti-informalitet nga ana e qeveris\u00eb nisi me bizneset e vogla, p\u00ebr t\u00eb vijuar edhe me mallrat e akciz\u00ebs, ku jan\u00eb proceduar edhe kompani t\u00eb naft\u00ebs. P\u00ebrse \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb ky aksion, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave, apo biznesi po i shmangej gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb detyrimeve?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Duhet pranuar q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim se gjat\u00eb 4-5 viteve t\u00eb fundit, politikat fiskale t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb kan\u00eb ndryshuar shpesh dhe jan\u00eb sunduar nga voluntarizmi; jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb politika favorizuese p\u00ebr oligark\u00ebt (si\u00e7 ishte ulja e tatimit mbi dividentin nga 15% n\u00eb 8% me efekt prapaveprues); \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur tendenca e r\u00ebndimit t\u00eb pesh\u00ebs s\u00eb tatim-taksave mbi pun\u00ebn m\u00eb shum\u00eb se mbi kapitalin etj. Ajo q\u00eb t\u00eb bie n\u00eb sy, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe autoritetet p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr grumbullimin e tatim-taksave (t\u00eb cilat presupozohet se duhet t\u00eb flasin me gjuh\u00eb profesionale), \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i pavend i fjal\u00ebve \u201caksion\u201d dhe \u201cluft\u00eb kund\u00ebr informalitetit\u201d. Pas tri dekadash t\u00eb ndryshimeve sistemike t\u00eb 1990-s, varf\u00ebria e fjalorit t\u00eb zyrtar\u00ebve t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn fiskale \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmi e mentalitetit t\u00eb prapambetur, e metodave primitive t\u00eb vjeljes s\u00eb tatim-taksave shum\u00eb larg pritshm\u00ebrive dhe p\u00ebrvojave t\u00eb qeverisjes s\u00eb mir\u00eb q\u00eb ofron Europa demokratike. K\u00ebshtu, \u201caksioni\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ju pyesni, n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb veprimtari normale, e p\u00ebrditshme e administrat\u00ebs tatimore, nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie normale larg tensioneve dhe buj\u00ebs mediatike, shantazhimit t\u00eb firmave dhe nxjerrjes s\u00eb dhunshme t\u00eb detyrim buxhetore, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet her\u00eb pas here, ndoshta sipas humorit t\u00eb kryeministrit a t\u00eb ndonj\u00eb zyrtari tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u2013 pra me \u201caksion\u201d \u2013 vet\u00ebm t\u00eb ardhurat buxhetore nuk mund t\u00eb rriten dhe as informaliteti nuk mund t\u00eb reduktohet. Ajo q\u00eb nuk po kuptohet ende \u00ebsht\u00eb se infomaliteti, sidomos n\u00eb bizneset e vogla, bizneset familjare si dhe n\u00eb vet\u00ebpun\u00ebsimin, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se d\u00ebmton ark\u00ebn e shtetit, ndihmon p\u00ebr mbijetes\u00ebn ekonomike t\u00eb nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb familjeve shqiptare; se rezervat me t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb taksat e fshehura apo n\u00eb detyrimet p\u00ebr sigurimet shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb papaguara jan\u00eb n\u00eb bizneset e m\u00ebdha; se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb e elit\u00ebs politike drejtuese t\u00eb vendit, duke ardhur nga komuniteti i biznesit, \u00ebsht\u00eb e zhytur n\u00eb konflikt interesi dhe jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb ka nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb e po nd\u00ebrmerr akte ligjore n\u00eb favor t\u00eb grupeve t\u00eb caktuara edhe\/ose t\u00eb bizneseve individuale, por edhe po pengon vjeljen e taksave sipas ligjit; se reduktimi informaliteti \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces historik dhe jo nj\u00eb moment etj. Shpallja e \u201cluft\u00ebs\u201d nga qeveria vet\u00ebm kur nuk realizohet plani i t\u00eb ardhurave buxhetore nuk b\u00ebn gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se frenon investimet dhe krijon nj\u00eb klim\u00eb t\u00eb pafavorshme ndaj biznesit n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi sidomos atij t\u00eb huaj, por edhe penalizon padrejt\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb mjaft raste kan\u00eb humbur vendet e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shkak. K\u00ebshtu, bllokimi koh\u00ebt e fundit nga Drejtoria e P\u00ebrgjithshme e Tatim-Taksave e llogarive t\u00eb 26 mij\u00eb bizneseve si dhe t\u00eb llogarive personale t\u00eb administrator\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre duhej t\u00eb alarmonte shoqatat e biznesit dhe t\u00eb nxiste dialogun midis qeveris\u00eb dhe komunitetit t\u00eb biznesit p\u00ebr situat\u00ebn e krijuar. \u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se ngarkesa fiskale n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e krahasueshme me vendet e rajonit, por k\u00ebtu nuk llogaritet kostoja e lart\u00eb dhe n\u00eb rritje e korrupsionit. Personalisht kam bindjen se shmangia nga taksat, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb prirje natyre e njeriut, reflekton deformimet q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga nd\u00ebrhyrjet e klas\u00ebs politike n\u00eb jet\u00ebn ekonomike t\u00eb bizneseve, cenimin e konkurrenc\u00ebs dhe korrupsionin e gjer\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb. Mjafton nj\u00eb kompani n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shteti \u00ebsht\u00eb akoma aksioner me 15 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb aksioneve (ARMO) p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar shkall\u00ebn e lart\u00eb t\u00eb deformimeve dhe t\u00eb evazionit q\u00eb krijohet p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shkak.<\/p>\n

Vitin e kaluar qeveria futi n\u00eb skem\u00ebn e TVSH-s\u00eb bizneset e vogla, duke ia ulur pragun nga 5 n\u00eb 2 milion\u00eb lek\u00eb, a mendoni se kjo ishte nj\u00eb nism\u00eb e gabuar, pasi t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se n\u00eb mbledhjen e TVSH-s\u00eb ka pasur rreth 13 % ulje krahasuar me nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin tim, mungojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e plota rreth efekteve t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj politike. Sepse nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e qart\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim se \u00e7far\u00eb synohej p\u00ebrmes saj. N\u00ebse synohej q\u00eb t\u00eb ulej kostoja e t\u00eb b\u00ebrit biznes nga ky segment i biznesit, mendoj se nuk ia ka arrit\u00eb q\u00ebllimit. Apo n\u00ebse synohej q\u00eb t\u00eb ulej evazioni te biznesi i madh, kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur dhe as q\u00eb duhej pretenduar prej tij. Ndoshta ka vlejt\u00eb p\u00ebr efekte propagandistike dhe elektorale, por un\u00eb mendoj se shkaku kryesor duhet k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb munges\u00ebn e edukimit fiskal, t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb nevojshme q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shoq\u00ebroje politika t\u00eb tilla. Nd\u00ebrsa ulja e mbledhshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb TVSH-s\u00eb meriton nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thelluar dhe evidencimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb faktor\u00ebve duke filluar me volumet e qarkullimit t\u00eb mallrave, e dinamik\u00ebn e konsumit dhe struktur\u00ebn e tij, si dhe me format e ndryshme t\u00eb evazionit fiskal. Por kurrsesi nuk besoj se kjo duhet lidhur mekanikisht me nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb diskutueshme favorizuese p\u00ebr nj\u00eb segmentet t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb biznesit si \u00ebsht\u00eb biznesi i vog\u00ebl.<\/p>\n

A ka sjell\u00eb efektet e duhura aksioni anti-informalitet dhe si \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer kjo n\u00eb rritjen e t\u00eb ardhurave, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn p\u00ebr muajin korrik ku edhe nisi? N\u00eb gjykimin tuaj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb pak javore q\u00eb synon m\u00eb shum\u00eb sensibilizim dhe \u201cshfaqje mediatike\u201d, apo nj\u00eb nism\u00eb serioze q\u00eb synon formalizimin e biznesit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vendet normale demokratike, secili institucion publik, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe tatim-taksat, p\u00ebrmbush detyrimet e veta sipas ligjit dhe jo t\u00eb keqp\u00ebrdoret vet\u00ebm policia e shtetit p\u00ebr gjith\u00e7ka, sikurse po ndodh gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij \u201caksioni\u201d n\u00eb mes t\u00eb stin\u00ebs s\u00eb turizmit. Nuk e teproj t\u00eb them se n\u00eb kushtet e r\u00ebnies s\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjes publike ndaj qeveris\u00eb, si\u00e7 u provua nga votimet monopartiake t\u00eb 30 Qershorit, aksione t\u00eb tilla, p\u00ebrve\u00e7se p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb \u201cshow-n mediatik\u201d t\u00eb radh\u00ebs, shnd\u00ebrrohen leht\u00ebsisht n\u00eb mjete presioni korruptiv mbi biznesin p\u00ebr grumbullim fondesh p\u00ebr fushat\u00ebn e af\u00ebrt elektorale. Q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthehet n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave buxhetore, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme q\u00eb qeveria t\u00eb heq\u00eb dor\u00eb nga k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e kreut t\u00eb saj ndaj bizneseve, q\u00eb institucionet e saj t\u00eb dialogojn\u00eb hapur dhe me p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi me komunitetin e biznesit q\u00eb po vuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kurr\u00eb munges\u00ebn e barazis\u00eb para ligjit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shtat\u00ebmujorin e par\u00eb ekonomia u rrit me vet\u00ebm 2.2 % krahasuar me 4.3 % q\u00eb ishin parashikimet. P\u00ebrse kjo ulje. Ku \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar ekonomia shqiptare dhe a po investohen parat\u00eb publike n\u00eb sektor\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb sjellin ndikim pozitiv n\u00eb ekonomi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ajo q\u00eb mund t\u00eb thuhet \u00ebsht\u00eb se ngadal\u00ebsimi i rritjes ekonomike lidhet me pesh\u00ebn shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb sektorit informal dhe kriminal t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb, me pranin\u00eb e shumave kolosale t\u00eb parave q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga aktivitete kriminale, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb droga dhe trafikimi i saj. Ky ngadal\u00ebsim lidhet me ineficienc\u00ebn e investimeve publike, me investimet n\u00eb vepra periferike dhe kryesisht me natyr\u00eb elektorale q\u00eb nuk krijojn\u00eb vende t\u00eb reja pune, q\u00eb nuk nxitin sip\u00ebrmarrjen e lir\u00eb dhe rritjen e fuqis\u00eb konkurruese dhe eksportuese t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb son\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, me p\u00ebrqendrimin e k\u00ebtyre fondeve n\u00eb pak duar oligark\u00ebsh dhe kompanish kliente t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb, si dhe munges\u00ebn e besimit dhe t\u00eb shpres\u00ebs si nga konsumatori ashtu edhe nga vet\u00eb komuniteti i biznesit. N\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin tim, kap\u00ebrcimi i k\u00ebsaj situate lidhet ngusht\u00eb me p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e klim\u00ebs s\u00eb biznesit, me korrigjimin sa m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb politik, ligjor dhe institucional t\u00eb ndikimit t\u00eb oligarkis\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn ekonomike t\u00eb vendit, me nd\u00ebrprerjen dhe sjelljen n\u00eb binar\u00ebt e ligjit duke nd\u00ebshkuar pa m\u00ebshir\u00eb ideuesit dhe p\u00ebrfituesit e t\u00eb ashtuquajturit Partneritet Publik-Privat, p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilit borxhi publik \u00ebsht\u00eb shnd\u00ebrruar n\u00eb \u201cShpat\u00ebn e Damokleut\u201d p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb ton\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe integrimin Europian t\u00eb vendit. \u00cbsht\u00eb parimisht e gabuar dhe praktikisht e p\u00ebrkohshme kjo politik\u00eb fiskale represive q\u00eb ndjek qeveria e shprehur ne \u201caksionet\u201d e saj ndaj konsumatorit dhe biznesit n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhjes s\u00eb taksave. Vet\u00ebm rritja e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe ulja e kostos s\u00ebbashku me edukimin fiskal e b\u00ebn biznesin t\u00eb interesuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb paguar taksa, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt nevojitet nj\u00eb ndryshim i thell\u00eb i mentalitetit nga ana e vet\u00eb qeveris\u00eb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zef Pre\u00e7i: Aksioni anti-informalitet, favorizohen oligark\u00ebt 24\/08\/19 Gazeta\u00a0 mapo.al Aksioni anti-informalitet nga ana e qeveris\u00eb nisi me bizneset e vogla, p\u00ebr t\u00eb vijuar edhe me mallrat e akciz\u00ebs, ku jan\u00eb proceduar edhe kompani t\u00eb naft\u00ebs. P\u00ebrse \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb ky aksion, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave, apo biznesi po i shmangej gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":25116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27,1,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogu-i-udhetarit","category-njoftime-shtypi","category-shoqerore"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Zef-Pre%C3%A7i.jpg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-6x5","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":23439,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/malaj-shperthen-kunder-aksionit-anti-informalitet-edhe-lopa-jep\/","url_meta":{"origin":25115,"position":0},"title":"Malaj shp\u00ebrthen kund\u00ebr aksionit anti-informalitet: Edhe lopa jep\u2026","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"July 22, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Malaj shp\u00ebrthen kund\u00ebr aksionit anti-informalitet: Edhe lopa jep ... 22\/07\/19 mapo.al Ish-ministri socialist i Financave, Arben Malaj ka shp\u00ebrthyer me kritika n\u00eb nj\u00eb status n\u00eb FB kund\u00ebr aksionit anti-informalitet t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb. 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