{"id":24019,"date":"2019-07-30T16:18:07","date_gmt":"2019-07-30T16:18:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=24019"},"modified":"2019-07-30T16:18:07","modified_gmt":"2019-07-30T16:18:07","slug":"pllaja-e-kolonjes-qyteterimi-prehistorik-me-ne-ze-i-ballkanit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/pllaja-e-kolonjes-qyteterimi-prehistorik-me-ne-ze-i-ballkanit\/","title":{"rendered":"Pllaja e Kolonj\u00ebs, qytet\u00ebrimi prehistorik m\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb i Ballkanit"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pllaja e Kolonj\u00ebs, qytet\u00ebrimi prehistorik m\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb i Ballkanit<\/p>\n

Nga<\/p>\n

Gazeta Telegraf<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

–<\/p>\n

19 Maj, 2018<\/p>\n

Nga\u00a0Seldi Hasanas<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cPllaja e Kolonj\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me pellgun e Kor\u00e7\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Juglindore, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb nga rajonet m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura e m\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit prehistorik, brenda vendit ton\u00eb e m\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb rrafshin ballkanik\u201d, \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb shprehur k\u00ebshtu, Prof. As. Dr. Sk\u00ebnder Aliu. Ky p\u00ebrfundim \u00ebsht\u00eb arritur nga gjetjet e shumta arkeologjike n\u00eb k\u00ebto treva gjat\u00eb 35 viteve t\u00eb fundit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb vendbanimin shum\u00ebshtresor t\u00eb Maliqit, n\u00eb shpell\u00ebn e Trenit, n\u00eb varrezat e Bar\u00e7it etj., t\u00eb cilat i p\u00ebrkasin pellgut t\u00eb Kor\u00e7\u00ebs. Por, po kaq vlera t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme studimore kan\u00eb sjell\u00eb edhe zbulimet n\u00eb kalan\u00eb e Hollmit, n\u00eb vendbanimet e Kamnikut, Luarasit, Prodanit, Rehov\u00ebs, Shtik\u00ebs, Psarit, Borov\u00ebs e gjetk\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat gjenden n\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs. Nisur nga studimet p\u00ebr pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs, fantazia shkon deri tek njeriu prehistorik, q\u00eb t\u00eb mahnit me p\u00ebrkujdesjen e t\u00eb af\u00ebrmve t\u00eb tij, me vendosjen e trupit pa jet\u00eb n\u00eb varr, me adhurimin q\u00eb ka p\u00ebr shpirtin e t\u00eb vdekurit dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye shkon n\u00eb varreza her\u00eb pas her\u00eb, \u00e7on broka me uj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i shuar etjen dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuvenduar me t\u00eb. Po kaq interesante mbeten zbukurimet e grave, t\u00eb cilat stolisen me gur\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7muar t\u00eb ardhur nga rajone t\u00eb larg\u00ebta t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Qendrore. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb mbi ritet dhe zakonet n\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimin prehistorik t\u00eb pllaj\u00ebs s\u00eb Kolonj\u00ebs, ne intervistuam prof. as. dr. Sk\u00ebnder Aliu.<\/p>\n

Cilat jan\u00eb gjetjet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs?<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs jan\u00eb g\u00ebrmuar pes\u00eb tuma: Tuma e Prodanit, varreza mesjetare e tum\u00ebs s\u00eb Rehov\u00ebs, varreza e Borov\u00ebs, tuma e Psarit dhe tuma e Shtik\u00ebs, por vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm k\u00ebtu z\u00eb tuma e Rehov\u00ebs. Kjo tum\u00eb ruan t\u00ebr\u00eb madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e dikurshme si nj\u00eb \u201ckod\u00ebr lapidar\u201d, e mbetur pothuajse e paprekur. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur mbi nj\u00eb varr qendror, me muran\u00eb t\u00eb rrethuar nga nj\u00eb unaz\u00eb shiritore, e cila kishte p\u00ebr inventar nj\u00eb en\u00eb t\u00eb importuar mikenase t\u00eb HVIIB. 1450-1400 Para Krishtit. P\u00ebrmbante 283 varre dhe 650 objekte. Mb\u00ebshtetur tek materialet e gjetura vler\u00ebsojm\u00eb se tumat kan\u00eb nisur t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohen n\u00eb shek. XIV-XIII Para Krishtit.<\/p>\n

Cili ishte konstruksioni i varreve t\u00eb asaj periudhe?<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00ebnyra e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb varreve ka qen\u00eb e ndryshme, por jan\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar qart\u00eb dy tipa varresh: me grop\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar me gur\u00eb dhe me grop\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb. T\u00eb tilla jan\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb tum\u00ebn e Luarasit, n\u00eb Prodan, n\u00eb Rehov\u00eb, Psar dhe Shtik\u00eb. Kan\u00eb pasur trajt\u00eb kat\u00ebrk\u00ebnd\u00ebshe, jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb rregullt ose elipsoidale. Varret me grop\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb jan\u00eb konstatuar thuajse n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha tumat e zbuluara n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, por edhe n\u00eb rrafshin ballkanik<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cilat ishin ritet e varrimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nga g\u00ebrmimet e kryera n\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs rezulton se trupi i njeriut pa jet\u00eb ka qen\u00eb i vendosur n\u00eb disa pozicione. I vdekuri vendosej n\u00eb pozicion fjetjeje, mb\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb krah t\u00eb majt\u00eb ose t\u00eb djatht\u00eb, me duart pran\u00eb fytyr\u00ebs ose posht\u00eb kok\u00ebs. Kjo lloj vendosjeje ka vazhduar t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret edhe gjat\u00eb epok\u00ebs s\u00eb bronzit e t\u00eb hekurit. Po k\u00ebshtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb praktikuar edhe vendosja n\u00eb shpin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa duart t\u00eb palosura n\u00eb gjoks, ose pran\u00eb supeve. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj pozicioni q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ndeshur rrall\u00eb. T\u00eb till\u00eb varre jan\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb tum\u00ebn e Pazhokut n\u00eb Gramsh dhe n\u00eb varrin qendror t\u00eb tum\u00ebs s\u00eb Piskov\u00ebs n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet. Varret qendrore t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre tumave jan\u00eb datuar n\u00eb fillimet e bronzit t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm, por ky rit ka vijuar edhe n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e bronzit t\u00eb von\u00eb dhe fillimet e epok\u00ebs s\u00eb hekurit, i p\u00ebrket nj\u00eb riti t\u00eb ardhur nga q\u00eb nga fillimet e epok\u00ebs s\u00eb bronzit. Nd\u00ebrsa, n\u00eb dy ritet e para i vdekuri vendosej n\u00eb varr me k\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb mbledhura jan\u00eb gjetur dhe vendosje me gjymtyr\u00eb t\u00eb shtrira, gjetje k\u00ebto n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha zbulimet e kryera n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb. T\u00eb vdekurit vendoseshin n\u00eb varre bashk\u00eb me veshjen e tyre t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme. K\u00ebto varre i p\u00ebrkasin epok\u00ebs s\u00eb bronzit t\u00eb von\u00eb dhe epok\u00ebs s\u00eb hekurit<\/p>\n

A ekzistonte riti i djegies s\u00eb kufom\u00ebs?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb. N\u00eb tum\u00ebn e Luarasit jan\u00eb konstatuar vet\u00ebm dy varre me djegie. \u00cbsht\u00eb arritur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se djegia e t\u00eb vdekurve kryhej diku jasht\u00eb tum\u00ebs, n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend me karakter ritual, pran\u00eb vendbanimit ose tum\u00ebs. Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb ceremonis\u00eb mortore mbeturinat e eshtrave s\u00eb bashku me hirin dhe th\u00ebngjijt\u00eb silleshin dhe varroseshin n\u00eb tum\u00eb. Ky lloj rriti njihet q\u00eb nga periudha e bronzit t\u00eb mes\u00ebm, brenda vendit ton\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur rrall\u00eb edhe n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e bronzit t\u00eb von\u00eb dhe n\u00eb epok\u00ebn e hekurit.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb sendesh vendoseshin n\u00eb varrin e t\u00eb vdekurit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn d\u00ebrrmuese t\u00eb rasteve jan\u00eb gjetur en\u00eb qeramike. K\u00ebto lloj en\u00ebsh jan\u00eb gjetur si n\u00eb varret e burrave, ashtu dhe n\u00eb ato t\u00eb grave. En\u00ebt iu vendoseshin tek k\u00ebmb\u00ebt ose tek koka. Jan\u00eb gjetur en\u00eb t\u00eb tilla si: kandar\u00eb, kana, kupa, filxhan\u00eb, en\u00eb dyshe, ose treshe. Bie n\u00eb sy fakti se grave u vendoseshin en\u00eb dyshe. N\u00eb dheun e varreve jan\u00eb gjetur pjes\u00eb suvaje prej balte t\u00eb pjekur t\u00eb banesave, pjes\u00eb dyshemeje, shosha t\u00eb furrave t\u00eb pjekjes s\u00eb qeramik\u00ebs, th\u00ebngjij etj, \u00e7ka na b\u00ebn t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb dheut e sillnin nga vendbanimi i tyre. T\u00eb af\u00ebrmit shkonin n\u00eb varreza, n\u00eb shenj\u00eb nderimi, n\u00eb t\u00eb tretat, t\u00eb shtatat, t\u00eb n\u00ebntat e vdekjes s\u00eb tyre dhe n\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsi<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cilat ishin sendet e zbukurimit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Objektet e zbukurimit p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb grupin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb larmish\u00ebm t\u00eb gjetjeve n\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs, shpesh me vlera t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme kronologjike dhe kulturore. Shumica e k\u00ebtyre gjetjeve jan\u00eb prodhime bronzi e m\u00eb rrall\u00eb prej argjendi, hekuri, qelibari, kocke, guri, briri, etj. Jan\u00eb gjetur byzylyk\u00eb, t\u00eb punuar me pet\u00eb bronzi, me prerje trek\u00ebnd\u00ebshe, ose t\u00eb punuar me shuf\u00ebr bronzi me prerje rombike, byzylyk\u00eb spiralik\u00eb, n\u00eb form\u00ebn e shkronj\u00ebs \u201cD\u201d, por edhe byzylyk\u00eb me prerje rrethore. Diademat (ballore) q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin p\u00ebr zbukurimin e kok\u00ebs kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb punuara prej shiriti t\u00eb holl\u00eb bronzi, rreth 5 cm i gjer\u00eb, i zbukuruar me motive, b\u00ebr\u00eb me teknik\u00ebn e goditjes. Diademat mbeten nj\u00eb nga stolit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb parap\u00eblqyera t\u00eb femr\u00ebs prehistorike t\u00eb pllaj\u00ebs s\u00eb Kolonj\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebto stoli shprehen m\u00eb s\u00eb miri edhe tipare krahinore. Po k\u00ebshtu jan\u00eb gjetur var\u00ebse, unaza, kopsa, vath\u00eb. T\u00ebmthoret jan\u00eb ndeshur rrall\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb ato kan\u00eb qen\u00eb prej teli bronzi e me rrath\u00eb prej floriri. T\u00eb shumta kan\u00eb qen\u00eb gjetjet e telit spiralik, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoreshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtrenguar fundin e g\u00ebrshetave, t\u00eb flok\u00ebve t\u00eb vajzave dhe grave. Mjaft t\u00eb preferuara p\u00ebr grat\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb rruazat, t\u00eb cilat ishin prej bronzi, guri t\u00eb kuq apo t\u00eb bardh\u00eb, qelibar, qelqi e brum\u00eb qelqi t\u00eb bardh\u00eb ose blu, por edhe t\u00eb zinj e m\u00eb rrall\u00eb prej balti, me forma dykonike, me kthesa t\u00eb mprehta k\u00ebndore ose t\u00eb rrumbullakta. Funksion t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb e mjaft t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorshme kan\u00eb pasur gjilp\u00ebrat, t\u00eb cilat sh\u00ebrbenin p\u00ebr rregullimin e flok\u00ebve ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebrthyer ndonj\u00eb shami koke apo shalli q\u00eb hidhej mbi kok\u00eb nga grat\u00eb. Gjilp\u00ebrat jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur edhe p\u00ebr mb\u00ebrthimin e veshjeve trupore, t\u00eb cilat duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb thurura prej leshi.<\/p>\n

Cila ishte kultura e asaj periudhe?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gjetjet arkeologjike n\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs flasin p\u00ebr ritin dhe ceremonit\u00eb e ndryshme t\u00eb varrimit, konstruksionet e varreve dhe t\u00eb tumave dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr gjendjen shoq\u00ebrore dhe ekonomike t\u00eb njeriut n\u00eb at\u00eb periudh\u00eb. Prania n\u00eb mjaft raste n\u00ebp\u00ebr varre e en\u00ebve, arm\u00ebve dhe stolive t\u00eb importuar nga bota mikenase ose nga Evropa Qendrore \u00ebsht\u00eb si rezultat i diferencimit dhe i lindjes s\u00eb aristokracis\u00eb fisnore q\u00eb n\u00eb fillimet e bronzit t\u00eb von\u00eb. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e k\u00ebsaj aristokracie n\u00eb pllaj\u00ebn e Kolonj\u00ebs v\u00ebrehet tek en\u00ebt e importuara mikeniane, e gjetur nj\u00ebra prej tyre, n\u00eb varrin qendror t\u00eb tum\u00ebs s\u00eb Rehov\u00ebs, apo tek \u00e7iftet e paftave prej floriri t\u00eb importuara nga punishte dyt\u00ebsore mikeniane t\u00eb Thesalis\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb tre varet e tum\u00ebs s\u00eb Rehov\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb nga varret e tum\u00ebs s\u00eb Shtik\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebto tuma jan\u00eb zbuluar edhe shum\u00eb objekte t\u00eb tjera prej argjendi, qelibari, guri t\u00eb \u00e7muar, etj., t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb ardhur n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet kontakteve tregtare me k\u00ebto rajone.<\/p>\n

\"\" \"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pllaja e Kolonj\u00ebs, qytet\u00ebrimi prehistorik m\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb i Ballkanit Nga Gazeta Telegraf – 19 Maj, 2018 Nga\u00a0Seldi Hasanas \u201cPllaja e Kolonj\u00ebs, s\u00eb bashku me pellgun e Kor\u00e7\u00ebs n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Juglindore, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson nj\u00eb nga rajonet m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura e m\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit prehistorik, brenda vendit ton\u00eb e m\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb rrafshin ballkanik\u201d, \u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":24020,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27,85,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24019","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogu-i-udhetarit","category-histori","category-kultura"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/0-10.jpg?fit=956%2C441&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-6fp","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":24489,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/pllaja-e-kolonjes-ne-epoken-e-bronzit-e-ne-vazhdim-libri-shkencor-arkeologjik-tuma-e-rehoves-i-profesor-skender-aliut\/","url_meta":{"origin":24019,"position":0},"title":"Pllaja e Kolonjes ne epoken e Bronzit e ne vazhdim – Libri Shkencor Arkeologjik “Tuma e Rehoves” i Profesor Skender Aliut","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"August 8, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Pllaja e Kolonjes ne epoken e Bronzit e ne vazhdim. Libri Shkencor Arkeologjik \"Tuma e Rehoves\" i Profesor Skender Aliut megjithse ka pak vite qe eshte botuar eshte kthyer ne nje botim i rralle. Skender Aliu bir i Kolonjes eshte bere i pandare nga Pasuria\u00a0 arkeologjike\u00a0 e Kolonjes. 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