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Ndryshe nga deg\u00ebt e tjera zbatuese t\u00eb shkencave humane, Antropologjia etnike ka njohur historikisht ulje-ngritje, si pasoj\u00eb e nd\u00ebrhyrjes s\u00eb ideologjive t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebt e fundit vihet re nj\u00eb rritje e interesit p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb theksimit t\u00eb identiteteve etno-nacionale n\u00eb kushtet e reja t\u00eb globalizmit. Me botimin e k\u00ebsaj monografie, kam rastin t\u2019i prezantoj publikut shqiptar dhe m\u00eb gjer\u00eb rezultatet e pun\u00ebs sime k\u00ebrkimore 40-vje\u00e7are n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb.
\nP\u00ebrmes trajtimit t\u00eb disa prej aspekteve m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb \u201cprerjes\u201d etno-kulturore t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, kam synuar t\u00eb nxjerr n\u00eb pah bashk\u00eblidhjen e tipareve t\u00eb natyrave t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb sintez\u00ebn antropologjike t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Kjo nd\u00ebrmarrje nuk ka qen\u00eb e leht\u00eb, sepse m\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dashur t\u00eb shkel n\u00eb nj\u00eb terren pak t\u00eb njohur t\u00eb shkencave albanologjike. Megjithat\u00eb, dokumentacioni historiko-arkivor, burimet e literatur\u00ebs dhe narracioni i vjel\u00eb gjat\u00eb k\u00ebrkimeve n\u00eb terren ka qen\u00eb mjaftueshm\u00ebrisht i plot\u00eb, \u00e7ka m\u00eb ka leht\u00ebsuar pun\u00ebn drejt orientimit tematik t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit antropologjik t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb dhe m\u00eb ka shtyr\u00eb t\u2019i studioj m\u00eb thell\u00eb disa prej dukurive t\u00eb karakterit biologjik, historik, demografik e social-kulturor n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb hulumtimi t\u00eb dokumentuar rreth shkaqeve, pasojave dhe mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb krijuara n\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn e shekujve p\u00ebr ecurin\u00eb e fenotipave t\u00eb dalluesh\u00ebm n\u00eb trevat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, \u00e7ka p\u00ebrb\u00ebn objektivin kryesor t\u00eb k\u00ebtij punimi.
\nN\u00eb kushtet e r\u00ebnda q\u00eb kalonte Shqip\u00ebria nga gjysma e dyt\u00eb e shek. XIX e m\u00eb pas, kur lindi dhe hodhi hapat e para antropologjia si shkenc\u00eb, deri n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, as q\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhej fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmarrjen e k\u00ebrkimeve t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillta antropologjike nga vet\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt.
\nPavar\u00ebsisht nga kjo rrethan\u00eb, rilind\u00ebsit tan\u00eb, q\u00eb i kishin v\u00ebn\u00eb vetes p\u00ebr detyr\u00eb p\u00ebrparimin shoq\u00ebror e kulturor t\u00eb popullit shqiptar, u p\u00ebrkujdes\u00ebn midis t\u00eb tjerash- edhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrhapjen e njohurive shkencore n\u00eb masat e gjera t\u00eb popullit, p\u00ebrmes botimit n\u00eb shqip e n\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb veprave me karakter shkencor-popullor mbi fusha t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb dijes, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe antropologjin\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mes spikat figura e mendimtarit poliedrik, Sami Frash\u00ebrit.
\nN\u00eb vargun e botimeve t\u00eb \u201cBibliotek\u00ebs s\u00eb Xhepit\u201d, Samiu na ka l\u00ebn\u00eb dy broshura, ku trajtohen gjer\u00ebsisht probleme t\u00eb antropologjis\u00eb. Te \u201cNjeriu\u201d, ai- duke u nisur nga pozita materialiste dhe mbi baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave shkencore m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrparuara t\u00eb koh\u00ebs- debaton mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb prejardhjes dhe t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb njeriut n\u00eb Tok\u00eb, mbi nd\u00ebrtimin trupor t\u00eb njeriut t\u00eb sot\u00ebm dhe mbi shp\u00ebrndarjen e \u201cracave\u201d t\u00eb tij. Vepra e dyt\u00eb e tij, \u201cP\u00ebrs\u00ebri Njeriu\u201d, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb manual i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb antropologjie, p\u00ebr nga problematika e gjer\u00eb dhe thell\u00ebsia e mendimit, ku njeriu trajtohet n\u00eb evolucionin e tij t\u00eb gjat\u00eb natyror, si form\u00eb cil\u00ebsorisht m\u00eb e lart\u00eb nga kafsh\u00ebt. Si p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i teoris\u00eb monofiletike (nga i nj\u00ebjti trung i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt), ai p\u00ebrshkruan me holl\u00ebsi prejardhjen dhe ve\u00e7orit\u00eb dalluese t\u00eb \u201cracave\u201d njer\u00ebzore, si n\u00eb tiparet mat\u00ebse ashtu edhe n\u00eb ato p\u00ebrshkruese, sidomos n\u00eb ngjyrimin e syve dhe t\u00eb flokut, duke u ndalur posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00eb tiparet e shqiptar\u00ebve dhe n\u00eb prejardhjen ilire t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n
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\nN\u00eb shtypin vendas t\u00eb viteve 1938-1944 u botuan nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb artikujsh mbi prejardhjen e popullit shqiptar, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn edhe fakte antropologjike, t\u00eb huazuara nga studiuesit e huaj. P\u00ebr vler\u00ebn shkencore t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre fakteve, mendimet ndahen m\u00eb dysh: disa autor\u00eb i p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn ato p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar \u201cnj\u00ebsin\u00eb\u201d e popullit shqiptar, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb i kan\u00eb v\u00ebshtruar ato fakte si t\u00eb dyshimta e k\u00ebsisoj t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur zanafill\u00ebn historike ilire t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb pati edhe p\u00ebrpjekje serioze p\u00ebr studime t\u00ebr\u00ebsore mbi \u201crac\u00ebn\u201d shqiptare, ku t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat antropologjike, t\u00eb huazuara nga literatura e huaj, u ballafaquan me fakte gjuh\u00ebsore, arkeologjike e etnografike p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar prejardhjen dhe autoktonin\u00eb e shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb trojet e sotme. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim vlen t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet vepra e Jakov Milajt \u201cRaca Shqiptare\u201d, e cila u shkrua asokohe p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar- si\u00e7 shprehej vet\u00eb autori- \u201cnj\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb madhe shpirt\u00ebrore t\u00eb shqiptarit, njohjen e vetvetes\u201d. Me sa di un\u00eb, kjo vep\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb e para monografi e shkruar nga nj\u00eb autor shqiptar, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn provohet me bindje prejardhja e k\u00ebtij populli dhe nj\u00ebsia e kombit shqiptar me mjete nd\u00ebrdisiplinore, ku shtyllat kryesore t\u00eb argumentimit i mbajn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb natyrshme, shkencat historike dhe antropologjia. N\u00eb aspektin antropologjik, un\u00eb do t\u00eb pohoja se ky \u00ebsht\u00eb i pari punim sintetizues, i shkruar mjesht\u00ebrisht me nj\u00eb shqipe t\u00eb lakmueshme, q\u00eb ng\u00ebrthen n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb studimet e m\u00ebparshme, t\u00eb kryera n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn d\u00ebrmuese nga t\u00eb huajt, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb mandej n\u00eb pah \u201ctharmin\u201d antropologjik t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve dhe ecurin\u00eb evolutive t\u00eb tipareve etno-kulturore t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb rrafsh komb\u00ebtar. Me ribotimin e fundit t\u00eb librit (n\u00eb vitin 2005), vepra e Milajt vjen si nj\u00eb \u201cstimul p\u00ebr nj\u00eb sintez\u00eb t\u00eb re, n\u00eb vazhd\u00ebn e studimit shum\u00ebplan\u00ebsh t\u00eb Jakov Milajt dhe n\u00eb shtigjet e hapura prej tij\u201d, si\u00e7 shprehet A. Meksi n\u00eb parath\u00ebnien e k\u00ebtij ribotimi. Pika m\u00eb e \u201cnxeht\u00eb\u201d e debatit, t\u00eb iniciuar n\u00eb vitin 1999 n\u00eb faqet e gazet\u00ebs \u201cBallkan\u201d, justifikohet me \u201ckarakterin racist\u201d t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Jakov Milajt, q\u00eb e b\u00ebk\u00ebrka \u00e7do recension pozitiv rreth saj jo vet\u00ebm shqet\u00ebsues, por edhe trondit\u00ebs (!). Q\u00eb n\u00eb krye do t\u00eb theksoja kredon e Milajt, t\u00eb shprehur qysh n\u00eb parath\u00ebnien e botimit t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb janar 1944: \u201cKy studim nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u marr\u00eb me raciz\u00ebm, n\u00eb kuptimin politiko-filozofik q\u00eb i japin k\u00ebtij skaji popujt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb bot\u00ebs\u201d. Edhe p\u00ebrfundimi i tij se \u201craca e tyre [e shqiptar\u00ebve] \u00ebsht\u2019 jo vet\u00ebm m\u00eb e past\u00ebrta n\u00eb Ballkan, por edhe nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebrtat, n\u00eb mos m\u2019e past\u00ebrta e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs\u201d, u keqp\u00ebrdor asokohe prej t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve bashk\u00ebkomb\u00ebs dhe u b\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre, kalvari i personalitetit t\u00eb tij. Un\u00eb e di fort mir\u00eb se sa keq \u00ebsht\u00eb etiketuar Milaj n\u00eb muajt e par\u00eb pas botimit t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs, mu p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shkak, sepse kam lexuar t\u00eb plot\u00eb polemik\u00ebn n\u00eb shtypin e koh\u00ebs. E \u00e7uditshme, por edhe e trishtueshme, \u00ebsht\u00eb logjika e vler\u00ebsimit kritik (n\u00eb kuptimin negativ t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs) t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj vepre, sidomos n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e trajtimit t\u00eb raportit komb\/ rac\u00eb. P\u00ebr rac\u00ebn, si nocion biologjik dhe si realitet historik, Milaj ka nj\u00eb koncept t\u00eb qart\u00eb, p\u00ebrderisa ai e ve\u00e7on at\u00eb nga koncepti i kombit: \u201cNj\u00eb popull me origjin\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb, me histori t\u00eb vetme, gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt dhe me doke e zakone t\u00eb p\u00ebrngjashme, trajton p\u00ebr bukuri nj\u00eb komb t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, kurse mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej racash t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p>\n
Kjo ndodh me shum\u00eb kombe\u201d shkruan autori. Madje, ai p\u00ebrkrah teorin\u00eb e \u201cmobilitetit racor\u201d n\u00ebn shtys\u00ebn e veprimeve mjedisore, kur shprehet: \u201cVe\u00e7orit\u00eb e nj\u00eb numri racash l\u00ebmohen, deri diku, nga kushtet ambientore q\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb krijimin e nj\u00eb fenotipi t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, mjedisi, me an\u00ebn e veprimeve selektive, ushtron ndikim t\u00eb madh edhe mbi dallimin e disa karaktereve t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta dhe mbi zhdukjen e disa t\u00eb tjerave\u201d. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim, Milaj s\u2019ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb aspak me ithtar\u00ebt e \u201crrym\u00ebs raciste\u201d, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e shohin rac\u00ebn si \u201cshpirtin e kombit\u201d dhe si at\u00f9 p\u00ebr \u00e7do interpretim etno-kulturor. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Milaj pranon edhe lidhjen e jashtme midis tipareve antropologjike dhe formacionit etnik p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs me p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsit e tij themelor\u00eb, gjuh\u00ebn dhe kultur\u00ebn, kur shprehet: \u201cN\u00eb \u00e7do m\u00ebnyr\u00eb duhet pranuar se kombi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb antropologjike, jo vet\u00ebm si seli e nj\u00eb grumbulli t\u00eb caktuar elementesh racore, por si seli e dalluar ku v\u00ebrtetohen fenomene shkrirje (fuzionimi) e harmonizimi dhe si shtyt\u00ebs p\u00ebr lindje trajtash t\u00eb reja. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb raste nuk duhet t\u00eb shikojm\u00eb vet\u00ebm ve\u00e7orit\u00eb morfologjike t\u00eb nj\u00eb popullsie, por edhe ato fiziologjike e psikike, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, si dhe gjuha, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegje komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt\u201d93. Edhe p\u00ebr shkaqet e nj\u00eb \u201cpast\u00ebrtie relative\u201d, mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn spekulohet n\u00eb kritikat tendencioze ndaj librit, Milaj b\u00ebn p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs par\u00ebsor\u00eb barrierat gjeografike dhe ato ekonomike: \u201cPengimin n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, t\u00eb huajve ua nxjerrin bjeshk\u00ebt e larta veriore, vargu i Rrudh\u00ebs Dinarike q\u2019e p\u00ebrshkon p\u00ebr s\u00eb gjati vendin, deti me fushat gjith\u00eb k\u00ebneta\u2026\u201d. Por, megjithat\u00eb, ai s\u2019druhet t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb se \u201cnuk ka qen\u00eb e mundur q\u00eb struktura gjeografike e Ballkanit per\u00ebndimor ta shp\u00ebtonte nga popujt e ardhur n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trev\u00ebn ku shtrihej raca ilire\u201d. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, \u201carsye t\u00eb forta ekonomike, q\u00eb t\u00eb joshnin popujt barbar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar k\u00ebto vise, nuk ka pasur\u2026 P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht, gjer para epok\u00ebs s\u00eb re t\u00eb metaleve, Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb dukur n\u00eb \u00e7do koh\u00eb shum\u00eb e varf\u00ebr dhe prandaj nuk ka pasur kuptim p\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr ta pushtuar dhe p\u00ebr ta mbajtur n\u00ebn zgjedh\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb\u201d. Si hallk\u00eb plot\u00ebsuese n\u00eb zinxhirin ingranues t\u00eb ngjizjes sui generis t\u00eb popullit shqiptar, autori trajton rrethin e mbyllur e rigorozisht t\u00eb kontrolluesh\u00ebm t\u00eb lidhjeve martesore: \u201cKy pengim i natyr\u00ebs gjeografike bashk\u00eb me fen\u2019 q\u2019e ndalon njer\u00ebzin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjeruar m\u00eb tej rrethin e martesave, e me zakonet q\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb larg njera-tjetr\u00ebs, duhet t\u2019i kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb shkas krijimit t\u00eb tipave t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm krahinor\u00eb\u201d. S\u00eb fundi, \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e prejardhjes s\u00eb popullit shqiptar (dhe aspak n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb \u201csuperioritetit t\u00eb rac\u00ebs shqiptare\u201d) autori p\u00ebrdor t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat antropometrike, somatoskopike dhe biokimike t\u00eb q\u00ebmtuara me kujdes nga antropolog\u00ebt e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm (dhe jo nga pseudoshkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt racist\u00eb), si pigmentimi, grupet e gjakut, forma e kafk\u00ebs, lart\u00ebsia e fytyr\u00ebs, profili i hund\u00ebs, shtati etj. Por k\u00ebto jan\u00eb tipare q\u00eb studiohen sot e k\u00ebsaj dite n\u00eb antropologji, ashtu sikurse kam vepruar edhe un\u00eb n\u00eb hulumtimin antropologjik t\u00eb zonave t\u00eb shtrira etno-kulturore t\u00eb vendit. Prandaj askush s\u2019do t\u00eb kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb pretendoj\u00eb se Milaj \u00ebsht\u00eb nisur thjesht nga interesa gjeopolitike. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb p\u00ebrftohen nga studimi i tipareve t\u00eb m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme jan\u00eb shpesh m\u00eb \u201ckok\u00ebfort\u00eb\u201d se sa tiparet e tjera t\u00eb karakterit etnik, sepse ato transmetohen gjenetikisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme dhe p\u00ebr periudha t\u00eb tilla kohore, gjat\u00eb t\u00eb cilave kultura, raportet shoq\u00ebrore, madje edhe vet\u00eb gjuha t\u00eb ken\u00eb ndryshuar plot\u00ebsisht. K\u00ebto jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm disa \u201cgrimca\u201d meditimi rreth fakteve antropologjike t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Jakov Milajt. Monografia n\u00eb fjal\u00eb p\u00ebrmban edhe shum\u00eb d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb tjera interesante lidhur me problemet e etnogjenez\u00ebs shqiptare. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim, po e mbyll parashtres\u00ebn me dy deduksione: s\u00eb pari, k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr duhet ta gjykojm\u00eb n\u00eb kontekstin e koh\u00ebs, me kufizimet e natyrshme q\u00eb ajo mbart dhe ribotimin e saj ta quajm\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebseardhur mbas nj\u00eb kohe kaq t\u00eb gjat\u00eb; s\u00eb dyti, t\u00eb mos kemi \u201cfrik\u00eb\u201d se mos ribotimi i saj b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201cmision t\u00eb mbrapsht\u00eb\u201d, sepse vet\u00eb Milaj nuk pati r\u00ebn\u00eb assesi n\u00eb \u201cgrack\u00ebn\u201d e racizmit (po t\u00eb lexohet me kujdes dhe pa paragjykime kjo vep\u00ebr), por edhe sepse shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb kurr\u00eb prova t\u00eb \u201csuperioritetit racor\u201d gjat\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre shum\u00ebshekullore. Si\u00e7 duket, polemikat q\u00eb zgjuan punime t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji, duke mos u zhvilluar mbi baza t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta shkencore, nuk i ndihmuan ecuris\u00eb s\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb mendimit shkencor n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e antropologjis\u00eb. Edhe ndonj\u00eb z\u00eb i ve\u00e7uar, q\u00eb u ngrit n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr fillimin e k\u00ebrkimeve t\u00eb rregullta antropologjike n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, nuk gjeti mb\u00ebshtetje e p\u00ebrkrahje, ndoshta nga moskuptimi i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre lloj k\u00ebrkimeve n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb zgjidhjes s\u00eb problemeve madhore t\u00eb etnogjenez\u00ebs shqiptare. Me krijimin e Laboratorit Antropologjik pran\u00eb Qendr\u00ebs s\u00eb K\u00ebrkimeve Arkeologjike, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht Institutit Arkeologjik (n\u00eb vitin 1976), filloi nj\u00eb pun\u00eb sistematike p\u00ebr mbledhjen e materialit antropologjik n\u00eb popullsin\u00eb e sotme t\u00eb vendit mbi nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb re metodologjike. Gjat\u00eb ekspeditave t\u00eb para p\u00ebrnjoh\u00ebse n\u00eb terren, n\u00eb vitet 1974-1975, n\u00eb kushte ende t\u00eb kufizuara, un\u00eb u njoha me ve\u00e7orit\u00eb antropologjike t\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb Puk\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb lugin\u00ebs s\u00eb sip\u00ebrme t\u00eb Skraparit.
\nMe botimin e monografis\u00eb \u201cGjurmime antropologjike mbi shqiptar\u00ebt\u201d sh\u00ebnohet nj\u00eb hap p\u00ebrpara n\u00eb dokumentimin e tipareve antropologjike n\u00eb rrafsh komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb k\u00ebtij populli. Aty jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sintetike t\u00eb gjitha zonat e m\u00ebdha etno-kulturore, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht rrethinat m\u00eb tipike t\u00eb vendit, me nga nj\u00eb seri t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier (meshkuj dhe femra) n\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr total prej 1067 subjektesh t\u00eb hulumtuar in situ: Nga analiza e im\u00ebt e materialit rezulton prirja p\u00ebr nj\u00eb far\u00eb rajonizimi n\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen e tipareve antropologjike themelore. M\u00eb e shprehur \u00ebsht\u00eb kjo dukuri n\u00eb p\u00ebrmasat e gjat\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb kok\u00ebs, gjer\u00ebsive t\u00eb hund\u00ebs dhe nofull\u00ebs, lart\u00ebsive t\u00eb masivit fytyror e t\u00eb buz\u00ebve, rrethores horizontale, t\u00eb shtatit dhe pal\u00ebs dhjamore t\u00eb n\u00ebnl\u00ebkur\u00ebs. N\u00eb vargjet nga veriu i vendit, k\u00ebto tipare japin vlera pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta, qoft\u00eb si mesatare ashtu edhe si shtrirje vlerash, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb vargjet nga Jugu shp\u00ebrndarja \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak e nj\u00ebtrajtshme. Shenjat e tjera, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb shumic\u00ebn, pasqyrojn\u00eb vendosje pak a shum\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ndryshe nga deg\u00ebt e tjera zbatuese t\u00eb shkencave humane, Antropologjia etnike ka njohur historikisht ulje-ngritje, si pasoj\u00eb e nd\u00ebrhyrjes s\u00eb ideologjive t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebt e fundit vihet re nj\u00eb rritje e interesit p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb theksimit t\u00eb identiteteve etno-nacionale n\u00eb kushtet e reja t\u00eb globalizmit. Me botimin e k\u00ebsaj monografie, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2098,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/unnamed-11.jpg?fit=626%2C904&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-xP","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":101457,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/hetim-doreheqja-nuk-mjafton-qarri-rama-nuk-duhet-te-numeroje-me-as-paret-as-pronat-dhe-as-votat-e-shqiptareve\/","url_meta":{"origin":2097,"position":0},"title":"\u2018Hetim – Dor\u00ebheqja nuk mjafton\u2019, Qarri: Rama nuk duhet t\u00eb num\u00ebroj\u00eb m\u00eb as paret, as pronat dhe as votat e shqiptar\u00ebve","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"June 13, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Gazetari Flavio Qarri ka ngritur pesh\u00eb turm\u00ebn e protestuesve me akuza t\u00eb r\u00ebnda ndaj qeveris\u00eb. Duke theksuar se flet si nj\u00eb familjar me 35 t\u00eb af\u00ebrm n\u00eb emigrim, ai preku plag\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb shqiptare: shpopullimin e vendit. P\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb historie rr\u00ebqeth\u00ebse personale, ku tregonte se si nj\u00eb\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/auto_Screenshot_2026-06-13_1933551781372853.png?fit=900%2C473&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/auto_Screenshot_2026-06-13_1933551781372853.png?fit=900%2C473&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/auto_Screenshot_2026-06-13_1933551781372853.png?fit=900%2C473&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/auto_Screenshot_2026-06-13_1933551781372853.png?fit=900%2C473&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100700,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/robert-papa-i-plas-skandalet-edi-rames-nga-pazari-8-milione-euro-per-blerjen-e-ps-te-fatos-nano-miliardat-e\/","url_meta":{"origin":2097,"position":1},"title":"Robert Papa i plas skandalet Edi Ram\u00ebs, nga pazari 8 milion\u00eb euro p\u00ebr blerjen e PS te Fatos Nano, miliardat e\u2026","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 27, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"27 Maji 2026 Gazetari Robert Papa ka hedhur akuza t\u00eb forta ndaj kryeministrit Edi Rama gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb analize n\u00eb emisionin \u201cFokus\u201d, ku foli p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb e cil\u00ebsoi si \u201cplan i err\u00ebt\u201d i kreut t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe shqiptar\u00ebt. N\u00eb deklarat\u00ebn e tij, Papa u ndal te disa \u00e7\u00ebshtje\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-edi-rama-fatos-nano-1761982403.jpg?fit=640%2C428&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-edi-rama-fatos-nano-1761982403.jpg?fit=640%2C428&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-edi-rama-fatos-nano-1761982403.jpg?fit=640%2C428&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100671,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/delegacioni-i-kongresisteve-amerikane-ne-presheve-ka-probleme-reale-mes-shqiptareve-dhe-serbise\/","url_meta":{"origin":2097,"position":2},"title":"Delegacioni i kongresist\u00ebve amerikan\u00eb n\u00eb Preshev\u00eb: Ka probleme reale mes shqiptar\u00ebve dhe Serbis\u00eb","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 26, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"26 Maji 2026 Delegacioni i kongresist\u00ebve amerikan\u00eb, q\u00eb vizitoi Lugin\u00ebn e Preshev\u00ebs t\u00eb mart\u00ebn, theksoi r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e stabilitetit dhe t\u00eb prosperitetit n\u00eb trajtimin e \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve mes shqiptar\u00ebve dhe serb\u00ebve. Keith Self nga radh\u00ebt e republikan\u00ebve dhe Suhas Subramanyam nga radh\u00ebt e demokrat\u00ebve u takuan me zyrtar\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb deputetin\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Njoftime Shtypi"","block_context":{"text":"Njoftime Shtypi","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/njoftime-shtypi\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1779800710_shaipkamberi.jpg?fit=780%2C440&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1779800710_shaipkamberi.jpg?fit=780%2C440&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1779800710_shaipkamberi.jpg?fit=780%2C440&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/1779800710_shaipkamberi.jpg?fit=780%2C440&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100588,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/jonathan-pano-shpopullimi-nuk-eshte-rastesi-por-nje-axhende-e-qeverise\/","url_meta":{"origin":2097,"position":3},"title":"Jonathan Pano: – Shpopullimi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb rast\u00ebsi, por nj\u00eb axhend\u00eb e qeveris\u00eb","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 22, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"22 Maji 2026 I ftuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb studio televizive Jonathan Pano, an\u00ebtar i K\u00ebshillit Bashkiak t\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs nga radh\u00ebt e opozit\u00ebs, ngriti alarmin p\u00ebr ritmet e shpopullimit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, duke iu referuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Eurostat dhe analizave t\u00eb ekspert\u00ebve t\u00eb demografis\u00eb. Sipas Panos, raportimet p\u00ebr rreth 29 mij\u00eb persona\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/nfk.jpg?fit=773%2C528&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/nfk.jpg?fit=773%2C528&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/nfk.jpg?fit=773%2C528&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/nfk.jpg?fit=773%2C528&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":101671,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/ja-pse-dosja-aruba-nuk-eshte-asgje-krahasuar-me-sinaloan-robert-papa-paralajmeron-dite-te-zeza-per-edi-ramen\/","url_meta":{"origin":2097,"position":4},"title":"Ja pse dosja \u201cAruba\u201d nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb asgj\u00eb krahasuar me \u201cSinaloan\u201d, Robert Papa paralajm\u00ebron dit\u00eb t\u00eb zeza p\u00ebr Edi Ram\u00ebn,\u2026","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"June 21, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Rama \u00ebsht\u00eb si Noriega. Shum\u00eb pyesin: si do ik\u00eb? E ka zgjidhjen ose si Nano, ose si diktator\u00ebt kudo n\u00eb \u201cPranver\u00ebn Arabe\u201d. Gazetari i njohur n\u00eb SHBA Robert Papa ka ngritur alarmin mbi gjendjen politike n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, duke u fokusuar te lidhjet e pushtetit me krimin dhe hetimet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Sipas\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Capture-145-872x570-1.jpg?fit=872%2C570&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Capture-145-872x570-1.jpg?fit=872%2C570&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Capture-145-872x570-1.jpg?fit=872%2C570&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Capture-145-872x570-1.jpg?fit=872%2C570&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":101766,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/kryeministri-edi-rama-i-quan-shqiptaret-e-kosoves-dhe-maqedonise-se-veriut-qe-moren-pjese-ne-protestehordhi-pushtuese\/","url_meta":{"origin":2097,"position":5},"title":"Kryeministri Edi Rama i quan shqiptar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs dhe Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb protest\u00eb,\u2018Hordhi pushtuese\u2019","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"June 24, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Ai shkoi m\u00eb tej duke e cil\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrdorimin e flamurit t\u00eb U\u00c7K-s\u00eb n\u00eb protest\u00eb si \u201cp\u00ebrdhosje\u201d, duke e paraqitur at\u00eb jo si simbol komb\u00ebtar apo politik, por si instrument urrejtjeje kund\u00ebr qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Tiran\u00ebs. Ai p\u00ebrdori vazhdimisht terma p\u00ebr\u00e7mues p\u00ebr aktivist\u00ebt e lidhur me Vet\u00ebvendosjen, edhe pse n\u00eb fund ai\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Edi-Rama2-1440x960-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Edi-Rama2-1440x960-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Edi-Rama2-1440x960-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Edi-Rama2-1440x960-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Edi-Rama2-1440x960-1.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2097","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2097"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2097\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2100,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2097\/revisions\/2100"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}