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Ludvig Fon Taloci (1854-1916) nj\u00eb hungarez q\u00eb zbuloi shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nga arkivat e Venedikut, Raguz\u00ebs, Rom\u00ebs. – Taloci p\u00ebr nga origjina ishte hungarez i lindur n\u00eb Ofen (Hungari) m\u00eb 8 dhjetor 1854. Ishte themeluesi i k\u00ebrkimeve dhe hulumtimeve hungareze mbi Balkanin. Studimet i kreu n\u00eb Universitetin e Budapestit. M\u00eb von\u00eb punoi n\u00eb Arkivin Shtet\u00ebror t\u00eb Hungaris\u00eb. Viti 1877 e gjen si docent n\u00eb Universitetin e Budapestit. Punoi edhe si drejtor i Arkivit t\u00eb Financave t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs. Taloci ka qen\u00eb president i Shoqat\u00ebs s\u00eb Historian\u00ebve Hungarez\u00eb dhe gjithashtu bashk\u00ebthemelues i Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Shkencave Hungareze. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht gjat\u00eb kthimit nga varrimi i perandorit t\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, Franc Jozefit I, gjen vdekjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb aksident me tren m\u00eb 1 dhjetor 1916, n\u00eb Herceghalom(1).<\/p>\n Veprat ku duket dhe kontributi i Talocit si historian mbi studimet per Shqiperin\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht, p\u00ebrmbledhja dokumentare \u201cActa et diplomata res Albaniae mediae aetatis illustrantia\u201e dhe \u201cIllyrisch-Albanischen Forschungen\u201e (K\u00ebrkime iliro-shqiptare). T\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto vepra, kaq te r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr albanologjin\u00eb, si nj\u00eb burim i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishem informacioni, kan\u00eb si bashkautor t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Talocit edhe Jire\u00e7ekun, Shuflajin dhe albanolog\u00eb dhe historian\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/p>\n Acta et diplomata res Albaniae mediae aetatis illustrantia<\/p>\n P\u00ebrmbledhja dokumentare e shkruar n\u00eb latinisht (Vjen\u00eb, 1913-1918) ka nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe, pasi ajo p\u00ebrfshin dokumenta nga arkivat e Venedikut, Raguz\u00ebs, Rom\u00ebs etj, shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cilave deri n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb ishin t\u00eb pabotuara.(2) \u201c Acta\u2026 \u201e \u00ebsht\u00eb e ndar\u00eb n\u00eb dy v\u00ebllime, ku v\u00ebllimi i par\u00eb p\u00ebrmban 834 dokumenta t\u00eb viteve 344-1344, kurse v\u00ebllimi i dyt\u00eb p\u00ebrmban 812 dokumenta t\u00eb viteve 1344-1406.(3)<\/p>\n Si v\u00ebllimi i par\u00eb ashtu edhe i dyti p\u00ebrmbajne dokumente interesante, mbi emra t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm vendesh, emra personash dhe regjistra terminologjik\u00eb. Dokumentat na japin edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet ekonomike, shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, kultur\u00ebn e popullit ton\u00eb, t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi qytetet shqiptare. Gjithashtu dokumentat na furnizojn\u00eb me informacione mbi marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet dhe lidhjet e familjeve te m\u00ebdha shqiptare me nj\u00ebra-tjetren, por edhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me popujt fqinj\u00eb.<\/p>\n Illyrisch-albanischen Forschungen<\/p>\n Botuar n\u00eb Mynih-Lajpcig (1916) \u00ebsht\u00eb vepra e dyt\u00eb, ku Taloci ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb kontributin e tij. Edhe kjo vep\u00ebr p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga dy v\u00ebllime dhe p\u00ebr nga r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e saj mund t\u00eb konsiderohet primare dhe shum\u00eban\u00ebshe. Dhe ky punim \u00ebsht\u00eb produkt i pun\u00ebs s\u00eb disa historian\u00ebve t\u00eb shquar dhe ballkanolog\u00eb me fam\u00eb, si Jire\u00e7ek, Shuflai, Taloci etj,.<\/p>\n V\u00ebllimi i par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i ndar\u00eb n\u00eb dy pjes\u00eb: nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb i korrespondojn\u00eb shkrime me tematik\u00eb historike, pjes\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr shkrime me tematik\u00eb nga etnografia. Pjes\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb i \u00ebsht\u00eb bashkangjitur edhe nj\u00eb hart\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn paraqitet Shqip\u00ebria me kufijt\u00eb e saj mesjetare, gjithnj\u00eb sipas konceptit t\u00eb albanolog\u00ebve bashk\u00ebautor t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs n\u00eb fjal\u00eb.<\/p>\n Artikujt kryesor\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebllimin e par\u00eb dhe kryesisht t\u00eb pjeses q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin tematika nga fusha e historis\u00eb, kan\u00eb si autor\u00eb t\u00eb tyre Talocin, Shuflain dhe Jire\u00e7ekun. Por ka edhe shkrime q\u00eb cekin edhe etnografine dhe kryesisht t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn zakonore shqiptare.<\/p>\n V\u00ebllimi i dyt\u00eb i k\u00ebtij libri p\u00ebrmbledh shkrime t\u00eb Talocit, B\u00e9la P\u00e9ch, Karl Thopia-s, Ernst C. Sedlmayr-it, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt analizojn\u00eb me artikujt e tyre zhvillimin ekonomik t\u00eb trevave shqiptare, ngjarjet historike t\u00eb ndodhura gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb re n\u00eb territorin shqiptar.<\/p>\n Duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se k\u00ebto shkrime jan\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhje t\u00eb artikujve, referateve t\u00eb marra apo t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyera nga gazeta t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, n\u00eb serbisht dhe hungarisht, por edhe nga referate t\u00eb mbajtura n\u00eb koferenca t\u00eb ndryshme historiko-shkencore. (4)<\/p>\n Taloci n\u00eb K\u00ebrkimet iliro-shqiptare, shkruan mbi diaspor\u00ebn shqiptare, mbi historin\u00eb e ngulimeve n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik, mbi historin\u00eb e s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs zakonore shqiptare.<\/p>\n Shkrimi \u201cDiaspora Shqiptare\u201d (Die albanische Diaspora), p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet n\u00eb vetvete nga tre kapituj dhe p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht:<\/p>\n N\u00eb kapitullin e par\u00eb, \u201cShqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Syrmien\u201d, Taloci flet mbi legjend\u00ebn e prejardhjes s\u00eb fisit hungarez t\u00eb Klementin\u00ebve t\u00eb Petervaradit, n\u00eb Syrmien t\u00eb Hungaris\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt sipas autorit jan\u00eb etnikisht shqiptar\u00eb dhe rrjedhin nga fisi shqiptar i Kelmendit, q\u00eb sipas Talocit u ngulit\u00ebn n\u00eb zon\u00ebn hungareze pas humbjes q\u00eb Perandoria Austro-Hungareze p\u00ebsoi me osmanet gjat\u00eb luftrave austro-turke t\u00eb viteve 1737-1739, ku kelmendasit si t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, ishin pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebse e ushtris\u00eb perandorake austro-hungareze s\u00eb bashku me fise t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb krishtera ballkanike kundra osman\u00ebve. Pas rifutjes n\u00eb zot\u00ebrim t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Osman\u00ebve t\u00eb tokave t\u00eb tyre, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e kelmendasve katolik\u00eb, n\u00ebn presionin e frik\u00ebs ndaj shpagimeve t\u00eb ashpra t\u00eb osman\u00ebve ndaj tyre, marrin rrug\u00ebn e emigrimit, dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e tyre vendoset si dhe shum\u00eb fise t\u00eb tjera sllave n\u00eb zonat e Hungaris\u00eb, n\u00eb Syrmien.(5) Taloci jep n\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrimin e tij edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr organizimin fisnor dhe ushtarak t\u00eb k\u00ebtij fisi, mosmarr\u00ebveshjet dhe konfliktet e tyre me administrat\u00ebn perandorake n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e re t\u00eb ngulimit n\u00eb Hrtkovci, Nikinci, Jarak. N\u00eb fund ai paraqet edhe nj\u00eb tabel\u00eb t\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre fshatrave, prej s\u00eb cil\u00ebs t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq v\u00ebmendjen kroatizimi i madh i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtij fisi.(6)<\/p>\n Ne kapitullin e dyt\u00eb \u201cBorgo Erico n\u00eb Zar\u00eb\u201e Taloci p\u00ebrshkruan krijimin e komun\u00ebs s\u00eb Ericos n\u00eb Zar\u00eb t\u00eb Dalmacis\u00eb. Sipas Talocit gjat\u00eb Shek. XVIII p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb konflikteve me osman\u00ebt, shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb krishter\u00eb emigruan p\u00ebr n\u00eb Dalmaci dhe u ngulit\u00ebn n\u00eb fshatrat e Zemenicos. Shqiptar\u00eb atje pat\u00ebn p\u00ebrzierje edhe me elemente kroate, por megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb Borgo Erico karakteri shqiptar i k\u00ebsaj popullsie u ruajt, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb gjuh\u00eb.(7) Taloci paraqet edhe detaje etnografike dhe regjistra t\u00eb familjeve t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre fshatrave, t\u00eb cilat i p\u00ebrkasin viteve 1726, 1733 dhe 1756.<\/p>\n Kapitulli i tret\u00eb \u201cItalo-Shqiptar\u00ebt\u201e na jep arsyet e emigrimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Italis\u00eb n\u00eb Shek. XV-XVI. Sipas tij k\u00ebto shkaqe gjenden n\u00eb luftrat e vazhdueshme dhe n\u00eb nd\u00ebrrimet e sundimit t\u00eb huaj n\u00eb territoret shqiptare, territore t\u00eb cilat tanim\u00eb ran\u00eb n\u00ebn sundimin otoman. Po sipas Talocit shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb kryer disa vale emigrimi, t\u00eb cilat ai i paraqet n\u00eb shkrimin e tij, dhe k\u00ebto val\u00eb emigrimi t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Itali jan\u00eb si m\u00eb posht\u00eb<\/p>\n \u2013 P\u00ebr n\u00eb Ankona dhe Kalabri, n\u00eb Shek. XV.<\/p>\n \u2013 N\u00eb provinc\u00ebn e Katanzaros, n\u00eb vitin 1443.<\/p>\n \u2013 N\u00eb Monte San Angelo dhe S.Giovanni Rotondo, n\u00eb vitet 1467-1471 dhe n\u00eb Kalabri n\u00eb vitet 1476-1478.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emigrimi i disa shkodran\u00ebve gjat\u00eb viteve 1477-1478 n\u00eb Rionero dhe Barille, m\u00eb pas themelojn\u00eb dhe vendbanime t\u00eb reja si, Ginestra dhe Maschite.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emigrimi i tosk\u00ebve n\u00eb kapercyell t\u00eb Shek. XV.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emigrimi disa shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pushtimit osman t\u00eb Vllahise n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shek. XV.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emigrimi i disa barinjve shqiptar\u00eb nga Morea e Jugut (Peloponez) n\u00eb vitin 1534.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emigrimi i maniot\u00ebve (Morea e Jugut), n\u00eb Barille, n\u00eb vitin 1675.<\/p>\n \u2013 Emigrimi i shqiptar\u00ebve nga zonat e Himar\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 1774.(8)<\/p>\n Taloci p\u00ebrmend se nd\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb emigruan n\u00eb Shek. XV-XVI mbizot\u00ebron dialekti i tosk\u00ebrishtes, n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e tyre, por edhe n\u00eb raportin e p\u00ebrqindjes s\u00eb prejardhjes s\u00eb popullsis\u00eb sundon karakteri tosk, megjith\u00ebse shqiptar\u00ebt u p\u00ebrzien me popullsin\u00eb e vendeve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, ku k\u00ebta emigrant\u00eb u vendos\u00ebn. Autori p\u00ebrshkruan edhe zonat e vendosjes s\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e tyre me italian\u00ebt.<\/p>\n Po n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kapitull t\u00eb tret\u00eb, Taloci paraqet tabela ku jan\u00eb regjistruar italo-shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1881 dhe 1894. Po ashtu b\u00ebn edhe nj\u00eb list\u00eb t\u00eb emrave t\u00eb vendbanimeve dhe paraqet t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi raportet fetare t\u00eb popullsise.<\/p>\n Shkrimi \u201cShkrime mbi historin\u00eb e zonave t\u00eb ngulimit n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik\u201e (Beitr\u00e4ge zur Siedlungsgeschichte der Balkanshalbinsel) p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej dy artikujsh:<\/p>\n Ne shkrimin e par\u00eb Taloci jep q\u00ebndrimin e tij duke u bazuar mbi d\u00ebshmi filologjike, sipas t\u00eb cilave barinjt\u00eb rumun\u00eb apo vllah\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb kontakte t\u00eb gjata me elemente ilire apo trake. Si rrjedhim, Taloci pohon se Trako-Ilir\u00ebt kan\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb t\u00eb rumun\u00ebve dhe gjat\u00eb kontakteve q\u00eb kan\u00eb patur me to, ka ndodhur dhe nj\u00eb p\u00ebrzierje gjaku, por sipas Talocit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar ende shkalla e k\u00ebsaj p\u00ebrzierje, kjo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb studimeve hulumtuese deri n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb.(9)<\/p>\n N\u00eb shkrimin e dyt\u00eb, ai jep nj\u00eb paraqitje t\u00eb shtegtimit dhe zonave t\u00eb ngulimit t\u00eb helen\u00ebve n\u00eb bregdetin lindor t\u00eb Detit Adriatik dhe p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht nga vendi i origjines s\u00eb tyre helen\u00ebt shtegtojn\u00eb n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb veriper\u00ebndimit t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik dhe themelojn\u00eb kolonit\u00eb e tyre, si qytetet, Epidamnos (Dyrrhachion, Durrazo, Durr\u00ebs sot n\u00eb vitin 627 p.K.); Apollonia (Avlona, Pojan t\u00eb Fierit sot, n\u00eb vitin 588 p.K.); ishulli Pharos (Lesina, Hvare); Issa (Lissa, Isa, Vishi sot).<\/p>\n Taloci tregon se k\u00ebto ngulime ishin q\u00ebndra t\u00eb forta dhe banor\u00ebt vendas n\u00eb interland d\u00ebshironin t\u2019i pushtonin k\u00ebto koloni, \u201cbashkinat greke qi u sheshuen p\u00ebrgjate bregut qen\u00eb qendra aq t\u00eb forta sa fiset e popullit qi prej brenda vendit dojshin me u sule ka deti nuk mujtn me \u00e7ue n\u00eb vend dishirin e tyne. Barbar\u00ebt e alpevet Dinare mujshin me greqizue leht\u00ebsisht, por helen\u00ebt nuk u bajshin kurr\u00eb barbar\u00eb.(10)<\/p>\n Gjithashtu Taloci p\u00ebrmend po n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim shtegtimet dhe ngulimet e fiseve trako-ilire, fise q\u00eb sipas autorit jetonin n\u00eb zem\u00ebr t\u00eb Ballkanit, ilir\u00ebt n\u00eb krahinat per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb Gadishullit dhe trak\u00ebt n\u00eb krahinat lindore, kurse n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Gadishullit jetonin fiset maqedono-epirote q\u00eb sipas Talocit qen\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrm apo \u201ckush\u00ebrinj\u201e me t\u00eb par\u00ebt.(11)<\/p>\n Sipas Talocit t\u00eb treja k\u00ebto fise q\u00eb autori i konsideron t\u00eb af\u00ebrm me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin e kan\u00eb prejardhjen e tyre n\u00eb familjen e popujve indo-evropian\u00eb. Dhe po sipas tij, ato u dynden n\u00eb Gadishullin Ballkanik p\u00ebrpara helen\u00ebve. Emigrimi i tyre filloi nga veriu, m\u00eb par\u00eb erdh\u00ebn ilir\u00ebt dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb zbrit\u00ebn prej Karpateve trak\u00ebt. Taloci \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs i tez\u00ebs Trako-Ilire dhe sipas tij k\u00ebt\u00eb e d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb edhe paralelizmat gjuhesore.(12)<\/p>\n Ai p\u00ebrmend se trak\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nd\u00ebr emigrimet e tyre t\u00eb m\u00ebdha u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb, me koh\u00eb u shuan si nga gjuha ashtu edhe nga komb\u00ebsia. Tepricat e tyre qen\u00eb themeli i popullit rumun. Kurse fiset ilire q\u00eb jetonin n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Gadishullit Ballkanik mund\u00ebn t\u2019i q\u00ebndronin shuarjes duke q\u00ebndruar nd\u00ebr krahinat e v\u00ebshtira malore, e ruajt\u00ebn gjuh\u00ebn dhe gjakun e tyre, por me koh\u00eb edhe k\u00ebto u latinizuan dhe u sllavizuan. Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e tyre mundi t\u00eb mbijetonte midis fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb atyre popujve me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebr nj\u00ebmije vjet ishte n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie dhe kjo pjes\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb sot p\u00ebrb\u00ebn kombin shqiptar. Shqiptar\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm nuk jan\u00eb ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vog\u00ebl e Ilir\u00ebve t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, por ilir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrzier me elemente trake.(13)<\/p>\n Taloci flet edhe mbi organizimin e fiseve ilire, p\u00ebrmend emrat dhe zon\u00ebn e vendodhjes s\u00eb tyre si p.sh. Liburn\u00ebt, Japud\u00ebt, shtriheshin nga kufiri verior i Adriatikut, prej Istr\u00ebs deri tek lumi K\u00ebrka. Fiset ilire t\u00eb Nest\u00ebve e Manir\u00ebve shtriheshin n\u00eb krahinat mes lumenjve K\u00ebrka dhe Neretna. Ne jug t\u00eb lumit Neretna shtrihej fisi i Ardian\u00ebve, n\u00eb jug t\u00eb tyre Desaret\u00ebt. Rreth Liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs jetonin Labeat\u00ebt, rreth Liqenit t\u00eb Ohrit jetonin Enkelejt\u00ebt, n\u00eb prapatok\u00ebn e Dyrrahut jetonin Taulant\u00ebt; Alban\u00ebt rreth zon\u00ebs s\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs sot. Dardan\u00ebt shtriheshin n\u00eb Ballkanin Q\u00ebndror. N\u00eb brigjet e Adriatikut jetonin Dalmat\u00ebt, kurse Penest\u00ebt n\u00eb lugin\u00ebn e Drinit t\u00eb Zi dhe Molos\u00ebt, Kaon\u00ebt e Thesprot\u00ebt shtriheshin n\u00eb Epir. Por fiset lire shtegtuan edhe p\u00ebrtej Gadishullit t\u00eb Ballkanit, si n\u00eb Itali, Venet\u00ebt n\u00eb lugin\u00ebn e lumit Po, Japig\u00ebt n\u00eb Italin\u00eb Jugore, disa fise t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb Umbri dhe n\u00eb Latium, Picemum. Por ilir\u00ebt shtegtuan edhe n\u00eb fushat e Hungaris\u00eb, n\u00eb Kroaci, Slloveni, Serbi, Bosnj\u00eb-Hercegovin\u00eb, Dalmaci, Mal te Zi.<\/p>\n Fiset ilire em\u00ebrtoheshin ose sipas t\u00eb parit t\u00eb fisit, ose duke marr\u00eb emrin prej natyr\u00ebs, p.sh. bregu i detit ilir Dalmaci = vend kodrinash ose sipas etimologjis\u00eb semite = vend bri bregut. Dardan\u00ebt = bujq, ata q\u00eb merreshin me t\u00eb mbjellurit e dardh\u00ebve, Labeat\u00ebt = me lyp, t\u00eb vobektit, Mendtar\u00ebt = te mendsh\u00ebm, Taulant\u00ebt = dall\u00ebndyshe.<\/p>\n Studiuesit mendojn\u00eb se shum\u00eb fise ilire apo m\u00eb von\u00eb shqiptare e kishin origjin\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb nj\u00eb paraardh\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Gjithashtu ato qen\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur mes tyre, dhe ndanin karakteristika te p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta, si\u00e7 ishin ekzogamia, patrilinealiteti, patrilokaliteti, monogamia, adhurimi i paraardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb fisit, q\u00eb lidhet me kultin e t\u00eb par\u00ebve, kult ky tep\u00ebr i respektuar nd\u00ebr fiset shqiptare dhe sot e k\u00ebsaj dite.(14)<\/p>\n N\u00eb koh\u00eb rreziku t\u00eb gjitha familjet bashkoheshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar armikun dhe n\u00eb krye t\u00eb fisit dilte m\u00eb i zoti. Disa fise ilire sundoheshin nga nj\u00eb i par\u00eb, disa t\u00eb tjer\u00eb kishin n\u00eb krye nj\u00eb pleq\u00ebsi. Fiset ilire njihnin autoritetin e mbretit dhe i bindeshin urdh\u00ebrave t\u00eb tij, por ndodhte q\u00eb lidhja midis fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb mbretit dhe krer\u00ebve t\u00eb fisit nuk ishte e plot\u00eb. Krer\u00ebt e fiseve ishin pak a shum\u00eb vasal\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mbreti kur kishte nevoj\u00eb i th\u00ebrriste p\u00ebr k\u00ebshillim. N\u00eb rastin kur krer\u00ebt e fisit bashkoheshin me armikun ndodhte q\u00eb mbret\u00ebria binte dhe si rrjedhim kishim nj\u00eb pushtet paralel, dy sundime.<\/p>\n Ilir\u00ebt tregonin nj\u00eb kujdes t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur zakonet e vjetra t\u00eb tyre. Goj\u00ebdhana ishte e nj\u00eb r\u00ebndesie t\u00eb ve\u00e7ante p\u00ebr ta. \u00c7do gj\u00eb e d\u00ebgjuar prej goj\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebve ishte p\u00ebr ta e shenjt\u00eb, kjo vlente sidomos p\u00ebr fiset e veriut.<\/p>\n Taloci i p\u00ebrmend fiset ilire si fise luftarake, arm\u00ebt e tyre ishin heshta-hedh\u00ebse e shkurter, shpata, heshta, njihnin taganin, p\u00ebrdornin topuzin.<\/p>\n \u201cLuft\u00ebtarit ilir i p\u00eblqente lufta n\u00eb male, m\u00ebsymja prej prit\u00ebs e me shpat\u00eb shngjeshur sikurse edhe shqiptari i sot\u00ebm kur hedh valle shkreh pushk\u00ebn ose vring\u00ebllon hanxharin.(15)<\/p>\n Po t\u00eb shihnin ndonj\u00eb rrezik o hetonin afrimin e armikut, me nj\u00eb shpejt\u00ebsi jepej kushtrimi prej nj\u00eb maje mali n\u00eb tjetr\u00ebn, nat\u00ebn e kishin zakon t\u00eb ndiznin zjarre roje. T\u00eb plagosurit nuk i lejshin me mbet kurr\u00eb nd\u00ebr duer t\u00eb armikut. Sht\u00ebpia ishte nd\u00ebr ta sikurse edhe sot nd\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm, e Zotit dhe e miqve. Puna m\u00eb e nevojshme ishte mikut me i shtrue para pije dhe ushqim, mish dhensh, djath\u00eb, buk\u00eb e qep\u00eb\u201d.(16)<\/p>\n \u201cBesimi i tyne ishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrzierje e \u00e7uditshme e t\u00eb trupnuemit t\u00eb sendeve t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs me goj\u00ebdhanat e vendit. Ata kishin tempuj t\u00eb rrumbullak\u00ebt t\u00eb ndertuem maje kodrash e aty adhurojshin idhujt q\u00eb ishin guri, druri, sermi t\u00eb veshuna me petka t\u00eb gjata, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb dyja duert mbanin nji shpat\u00eb, madje ilir\u00ebt dhe trak\u00ebt u kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebn grek\u00ebrve p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar mitologjin\u00eb e tyne.\u201d(17)<\/p>\n Taloci p\u00ebrshkruan po k\u00ebtu dyndjen apo sulmin e fiseve kelte n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shek. IV p.K. prej Renit, sulmit t\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebve nuk mund\u00ebn t\u2019i rezistojn\u00eb fiset e paorganizuara ilire. N\u00eb luft\u00ebn me kelt\u00ebt u shquan ardian\u00ebt dhe autariat\u00ebt, fise t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb luft\u00eb dol\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur dhe rrudh\u00ebn kufijt\u00eb e tyre. K\u00ebto luftime p\u00ebrfunduan kur n\u00eb Ballkan u shfaq Aleksandri i Madh i Maqedonis\u00eb, \u201czaptuesi i botes\u201d, i cili n\u00eb t\u00eb gjall\u00eb t\u00eb tij arriti t\u00eb bashkoj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb Gadishullin e Ballkanit. Ai para se t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerrte fushatat n\u00eb Azi n\u00ebnshtroi Ilir\u00ebt e Trake\u00eb, shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve u inkuadruan n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb e tij.(18)<\/p>\n Taloci p\u00ebrmend me rradh\u00eb m\u00eb pas edhe mbret\u00ebrit\u00eb ilire si ajo e enkelejd\u00ebve, taulant\u00ebve, ardian\u00ebve, p\u00ebrmend edhe mundjet e ilir\u00ebve n\u00eb luft\u00eb me romak\u00ebt e pushtimin e tokave ilire prej Rom\u00ebs. \u201cN\u00eb vjet 167 p.Kr. morri fund mbretnija ilire. Mbretnija e Gentit qe e ndame prej Rom\u00ebs nd\u00ebr tri pjes\u00eb: Labeata (qend\u00ebr Shkod\u00ebr), krahina rreth Gryk\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit (me qend\u00ebr Rrizonin) e nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vog\u00ebl m\u00eb vehte n\u00ebn nj\u00eb kryetar ilir, i cili si\u00e7 duket ishte i af\u00ebrm i Gentit dhe mbante titullin e nj\u00eb mbreti; k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb na e b\u00ebjn\u00eb me besue t\u00eb hollat e mbretit Ballaeos q\u00eb sundonte n\u00eb vjet 107 p.Kr.\u201e(19)<\/p>\n \u201cKanuni i Lek\u00ebs\u201e p\u00ebrb\u00ebn edhe kontributin e Talocit mbi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn zakonore shqiptare. Ky artikull p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga dy pjes\u00eb, titulluar p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht: \u201cE drejta penale\u201d dhe pjesa e dyt\u00eb \u201cE drejta private\/civile\u201d.<\/p>\n T\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto pjes\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebnndara n\u00eb n\u00ebnkapituj.<\/p>\n Kapitulli i par\u00eb i s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs penale p\u00ebrmban paragraf\u00ebt, \u201cGoditja\u201d, \u201cGjymtimi\u201d dhe \u201cVrasja\u201d. Kurse kapitulli i dyte p\u00ebrmban, \u201c\u00c7nderimi i gruas\u201d, \u201cVjedhja me arm\u00eb\u201d, \u201cShkelja e s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb mbrojtjes\u201d dhe \u201cMbi ben\u00eb\u201d. Kapitulli i par\u00eb i s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs private titullohet, \u201cKontratat\u201d dhe p\u00ebrmban paragraf\u00ebt, \u201cDhurimi\u201d, \u201cPremtimi \u201cdhe \u201cKontrata e depozitimit\u201d.<\/p>\n Kapitulli i dyt\u00eb i titulluar \u201cMbi sendet dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn trash\u00ebguese dhe t\u00eb familjes\u201d p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga paragraf\u00ebt \u201cMbi realizimin e fejes\u00ebs\u201d, \u201cMbi zotimin\u201d dhe \u201cZgjidhja\u201d. Shtojca ka edhe nj\u00eb ligj provizor p\u00ebr rastin e hakmarrjes.(20)<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim, Taloci jep zon\u00ebn dhe origjin\u00ebn e Kanunit. Sipas tij, \u201cShtrirja gjeografike e maleve shqiptare, e cila siguron gjithashtu, v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb dep\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb Alpet shqiptare, u ka siguruar fiseve veriore shqiptare n\u00eb periudha t\u00eb caktuara historike, nj\u00ebfar\u00eb autonomie. Bazat e k\u00ebsaj autonomie i formon e drejta zakonore, e cila trash\u00ebgohet prej koh\u00ebrash nga i ati tek i biri. N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj t\u00eb drejte rregullohet jeta n\u00eb malsin\u00eb shqiptare.(21)<\/p>\n Mendohet se em\u00ebrtimi i Kanunit t\u00eb Lek Dukagjinit rrjedh nga \u201cCodex Alexandri\u201d, ku me Aleksand\u00ebr, n\u00ebnkuptohen ose Aleksandri i Madh i Maqedonis\u00eb, ose nj\u00ebfar\u00eb Aleksandri i fisit t\u00eb Dukagjin\u00ebve. Ky i fundit ka qen\u00eb gjithashtu, dhe bashk\u00ebkohes i Gjergj Kastriotit, me t\u00eb cilin krijoi dhe nj\u00eb lidhje kundra osman\u00ebve. Aleksandri i Dukagjinit kishte ne zot\u00ebrim t\u00eb tijin, zon\u00ebn e Mirdit\u00ebs. Mendimi i pergjithshem ne trevat shqiptare e lidh kodin ligjor te sip\u00ebrp\u00ebrmendur me emrin e k\u00ebtij t\u00eb fundit, nga i cili doli dhe em\u00ebrtimi Kanuni i Lek\u00ebs.(22)<\/p>\n Por disa studiues shqiptar\u00eb, vazhdon Taloci, mendojn\u00eb se kanuni mund ta ket\u00eb origjin\u00ebn e vet q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Aleksandrit t\u00eb Madh, m\u00ebma e t\u00eb cilit vinte nga trevat ilire. Gjithashtu k\u00ebta studiues, nuk besojn\u00eb se Kanuni nuk ka ruajtur deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona form\u00ebn origjinale t\u00eb tij\u00ebn, por ka p\u00ebsuar modifikime. Pohimet e tyre mbi origjin\u00ebn e Kanunit q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Aleksandrit k\u00ebta studiues i bazojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto arsyetime:<\/p>\n \u2013 Kjo e drejt\u00eb zakonore nuk ka veprim vet\u00ebm mbi trevat malore shqiptare, por dhe n\u00eb qytete, sidomos e drejta penale, e cila z\u00ebvend\u00ebson at\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb osman\u00ebve.<\/p>\n \u2013 Kjo e drejt\u00eb gjithashtu, n\u00eb disa raste p\u00ebrdoret dhe nga vet\u00eb turqit. Po ashtu, k\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit nuk do t\u00eb lejonin p\u00ebrdorimin e nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejte t\u00eb nj\u00eb princi t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, si rrjedhim, nuk do t\u00eb toleronin hartimin e ligjeve kanunore me baza t\u00eb krishtera t\u00eb vepronte n\u00eb territorin osman.<\/p>\n \u2013 Kjo e drejt\u00eb p\u00ebrmban dhe elemente pagane, t\u00eb cilat nuk mund t\u00eb futeshin n\u00eb t\u00eb nga nj\u00eb princ katolik si Lek Dukagjini, por jan\u00eb rrjedhoj\u00eb e koh\u00ebrave pagane nd\u00ebr trojet shqiptare.<\/p>\n E v\u00ebrtet\u00eb q\u00eb ky kanun ka nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim tep\u00ebr aktiv n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e Mirdit\u00ebs, e cila ishte n\u00ebn sundimin e Lek Dukagjinin, dhe q\u00eb njihet si nj\u00eb zon\u00eb me qeverisje t\u00eb pavarur, por kjo e drejt\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e romakeve ishte lejuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej nga popullsia vendase e pushtuar prej tyre, n\u00eb tre kuvende ilire.\u201d(23)<\/p>\n Gjith\u00ebsesi sipas Talocit, Kanuni duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb origjin\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb zakonore t\u00eb motshme t\u00eb popujve blegtor\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit, i cili vazhdoi t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb si n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e pushtimit sllav, atij bizantin apo m\u00eb vone atij osman.(24)<\/p>\n Kontribut tjet\u00ebr mbi t\u00eb drejten zakonore shfaqet dhe n\u00eb shkrimin \u201cProjektligje turke\u201d (T\u00fcrkischer Gesetzesent\u00eburf), q\u00eb i kushtohet kodifikimit t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs zakonore shqiptare. Shtojca p\u00ebrmban edhe njoftime mbi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn zakonore t\u00eb malsis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut, t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebn \u201cDschibalkomission\u201e (Komisioni xhibal\/komisioni i maleve).(25) N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Komision t\u00eb Maleve b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb fiset malsore t\u00eb,<\/p>\n \u2013 Hotit (2 bajraqe)<\/p>\n \u2013 Grud\u00ebs (2 bajraqe)<\/p>\n \u2013 Kelmendit (4 bajraqe \u2013 Selc\u00eb, Nikshi, Vukli dhe Boga)<\/p>\n \u2013 Kastratit (1 bajrak)<\/p>\n \u2013 Shkrelit (1 bajrak)<\/p>\n \u2013 Rancas (4 bajraqe \u2013 a)Buza Ujit, b)Kopliku, c)Grisha, d)Riolli me Grue-mir, Linai, e)Leporosh dhe Rapist<\/p>\n \u2013 Postrib\u00ebs (3 bajraqe \u2013 a)Drishti dhe Vilza, b)Bokshi me Dragoc, Vorf dhe Rashi, c)Shjaketa, Suma, Domni, Myselim, Mesi, Ura-Shtreint<\/p>\n \u2013 Shllakut (1 bajrak)<\/p>\n \u2013 Temalit (1 bajrak)<\/p>\n \u2013 Shal\u00ebs<\/p>\n \u2013 Shoshit<\/p>\n \u2013 Pultit<\/p>\n \u2013 Recit (1 bajrak)<\/p>\n \u2013 Lohes (1 bajrak)<\/p>\n Po ashtu b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb dhe si bylykbashi,<\/p>\n \u2013 Anamali<\/p>\n \u2013 Kraina<\/p>\n \u2013 Brugu i Bun\u00ebs<\/p>\n \u2013 Bregu i Drinit<\/p>\n \u2013 G\u00f6l-kenari<\/p>\n \u2013 Dag-kenari<\/p>\n Fiset Hoti, Gruda, Kelmendi, Kastrati dhe Shkreli n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe thirren zakonisht si \u201cpes\u00eb malet e m\u00ebdha\u201d dhe si rrjedhoj\u00eb shquhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb se fiset apo malsit\u00eb e tjera shqiptare. Nd\u00ebrsa autoritetet osmane i th\u00ebrrasin t\u00eb gjitha si \u201cXhibale\u201d q\u00eb arabisht n\u00ebnkupton fjal\u00ebn male, dhe u njeh k\u00ebtyre fiseve malore t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e lasht\u00eb t\u00eb tyre (adet).(26)<\/p>\n Sipas Kurt Gostentschnigg historiografia shqiptare e kritikon vepr\u00ebn \u201cActa \u2026\u201e n\u00eb faktin se ajo nuk ka p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dokumenta mbi zon\u00ebn jugore t\u00eb linjes Vlore-Oh\u00ebr dhe se disa fakte mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtjet ekonomike dhe sociale jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb s\u00ebbashku ose jan\u00eb shkurtuar, por n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithesi, pohon Gostentschnigg, kjo historiografi e \u00e7mon vepr\u00ebn \u201cActa \u2026\u201e si p\u00ebrmbledhjen m\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn deri m\u00eb sot, t\u00eb dokumenave apo burimeve historike mbi Shqiperin\u00eb mesjetare.(27) Kurse Robert Schwanke e konsideron vepr\u00ebn \u201cK\u00ebrkime iliro-shqiptare\u201e si pun\u00ebn e par\u00eb shkencore kolektive mbi historin\u00eb shqiptare. Vet\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr hartuesit e vepre\u00ebs, Milan Shuflai e vler\u00ebson bashk\u00ebkolegun e tij p\u00ebr metod\u00ebn kritike, njohurit\u00eb baz\u00eb dhe objektivitetin e tij gjat\u00eb veprimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb tij shkencore.(28)<\/p>\n Historiografia shqiptare e vler\u00ebson k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr si nj\u00eb kontribut shkencor, i vlefsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr njohjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe thekson p\u00ebrve\u00e7 q\u00ebllimeve politike, rolin e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb si nj\u00eb faktor thelb\u00ebsor edhe n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e albanologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n Nje kritik\u00eb ndaj Talocit mendoj se mund t\u2019i behet n\u00eb tez\u00ebn e tij trako-shqiptare, mbi afrimet midis ilir\u00ebve dhe trak\u00ebve, kryesisht n\u00eb elemente gjuh\u00ebsore. Sipas tij gjuha e ilir\u00ebve dhe trakasve ishte e p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt. K\u00ebt\u00eb tez\u00eb e kan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur dhe studiues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb si gjerman\u00ebt, J. Ritter von Xylander, Karl Paul, Gustav Weigand, Tomaschek.(29) Ky i fundit madje, n\u00eb studimin e tij, \u201cTrak\u00ebt e Vjet\u00ebr\u201c, botuar n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb, e p\u00ebrkthyer n\u00eb shqip nga Hil Mosi, ka nxjerr\u00eb disa fjal\u00eb trake, me t\u00eb cilat ka konstatuar afrime me fjalet ilire, si p.sh. (trak.)aizi = dhi(ilir.); (trak.) pori = buri (ilir.) = vras\u00ebs\/luft\u00ebtar (shqip.); (trak.) melg = me miel\/me mjel (ilir., shqip); (trak.) tem = tym (ilir. shqip); (trak.) ketri = kat\u00ebr (shqip.) etj,.(30)<\/p>\n N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, studimet e kryera si nga t\u00eb huajt ashtu edhe nga studiuesit shqiptar\u00eb kan\u00eb treguar se shqipja \u00ebsht\u00eb trashigimtarja e ilirishtes s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, se shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb pasardh\u00ebsit e ilir\u00ebve dhe jo t\u00eb trakasve dhe nuk kan\u00eb ndonj\u00eb element trak nd\u00ebr vena. Hahni p.sh. e pa shqipen si bij\u00ebn e ilirishtes. Gjithashtu edhe Gustav Mayer \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i tez\u00ebs s\u00eb prejardhjes direkte t\u00eb shqipes nga ilirishtja. Sipas tij, shqipja \u00ebsht\u00eb forma m\u00eb madhore e ilirishtes s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e form\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb ilirishtes. Tez\u00ebn e prejardhjes s\u00eb shqipes nga ilirishtja direkt e mb\u00ebshtesin edhe studiues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb si Thumb, Karstien, Diefenbach.(31) Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe teza baz\u00eb e historiografis\u00eb shqiptare q\u00eb konkludon mbi baz\u00ebn e studimeve dhe hulumtimeve t\u00eb kryera se shqipja \u00ebshte pasardh\u00ebsja direkte e ilirishtes dhe nuk ka afrime me trakishten.<\/p>\n Megjithat\u00eb, Taloci ka nj\u00eb vler\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme si studiues, dhe shkrimet e tij jan\u00eb interesante p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb paraqesin. Sipas Milan Shuflai-t \u201cvdekja e Talocit ishte nj\u00eb humbje e madhe p\u00ebr Balkanistik\u00ebn, vdekje s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mund t\u2019ia kalonte vet\u00ebm ajo e Jire\u00e7ekut\u201e.<\/p>\n ( 1)Barnath\/Nehring (1981). 294-296.<\/p>\n ( 2)Gostentschnigg (1996). 183.<\/p>\n ( 3)Po aty., 183.<\/p>\n ( 4)Po aty.<\/p>\n ( 5)Thall\u00f3czy (1916). 316.<\/p>\n ( 6)Gostentschnigg (1990). 239.<\/p>\n ( 7)Gostentschnigg (1996). 184<\/p>\n ( 8)Thall\u00f3czy (1916). 334-337.<\/p>\n ( 9)Gostentschnigg (1996). 185.<\/p>\n (10)Thall\u00f3czy (1919). 22.<\/p>\n (11)Po aty.<\/p>\n (12)Po aty.<\/p>\n (13)Po aty., 23<\/p>\n (14)Shiko Baxhaku\/Kaser (1992).<\/p>\n (15)Po aty., 51.<\/p>\n (16)Po aty., 52.<\/p>\n (17)Po aty., 53.<\/p>\n (18)Po aty., 73.<\/p>\n (19)Po aty., 76.<\/p>\n (20)Gostentschnigg (1996). 185.<\/p>\n (21)Thall\u00f3czy (1916). 409.<\/p>\n (22)Po aty., 410.<\/p>\n (23)Po aty., 410-411.<\/p>\n (24)Po aty., 411.<\/p>\n (25)Gostentschnigg (1996). 185.<\/p>\n (26)Thall\u00f3czy (1916). 482.<\/p>\n (27)Gostentschnigg (1996). 185.<\/p>\n (28)Po aty., 186.<\/p>\n (29)Dhrimo (1989). 164.<\/p>\n (30)Thall\u00f3czy (1916). 7.<\/p>\n (31)Dhrimo (1989). 163-164.<\/p>\n Bibliografia<\/p>\n Barnath, Mathias\/Nehring, Karl. 1981. Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte S\u00fcdosteuropas M\u00fcnchen.<\/p>\n Baxhaku, Fatos\/Kaser, Karl. (1996). Die Stammesgesellschaften Nordalbaniens. Berichte und Forschungen \u00f6sterreichischer Konsuln und Gelehrter (1861-1917). Wien, K\u00f6ln, Weimar.<\/p>\n Dhrimo, Ali. 1989. Der Beitrag deutscher Forscher auf dem Gebiet des Albanischen. Tek, Albanien in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart. Internationales Symposion der S\u00fcdosteuropa-Gesellschaft in Zusammenarbeit mit der Albanischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Bonn.<\/p>\n Gostentschnigg, Kurt. 1990. Der Anteil der \u00f6sterreichisch-ungarischen Historiker an der Erforschung Albaniens. Graz.<\/p>\n Gostentschnigg, Kurt. 1996. Z\u00ebischen Wissenschaft und Politik (1867-1918). Graz.<\/p>\n Thall\u00f3czy, Ludwig von. 1916. Illyrisch-Albanische Forschungen. M\u00fcnchen-Leipzig.<\/p>\n Thall\u00f3czy, Ludwig von. 1916. Beitrage zur Siedlungsgeschichte der Balkanhalbinsel. Tek, Illyrisch-Albanische Forschungen. M\u00fcnchen-Leipzig.<\/p>\n Thall\u00f3czy, Ludwig von. 1916. Kanuni i Lek\u00ebs. Ein Beitrag zum albanischen Gewohnheitsrecht. Tek, Illyrisch-Albanische Forschungen. M\u00fcnchen-Leipzig.<\/p>\n Thall\u00f3czy, Ludwig von. 1916. T\u00fcrkischer Gesetzentwurf, betreffend Kodifizierung des albanischen Gewohnheitsrechtes. Tek, Illyrisch-Albanische Forschungen. M\u00fcnchen-Leipzig.<\/p>\n Thall\u00f3czy, Ludwig von. 1916. Die albanische Diaspora. Tek, Illyrisch-Albanische Forschungen. M\u00fcnchen-Leipzig.<\/p>\n Thall\u00f3czy, Ludwig von. 1919. \u201cHistoria e motshme e ilirevet nd\u00ebr vende t\u00eb Boznis\u00eb. Tek Agimi (1-2).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ludvig Fon Taloci (1854-1916) nj\u00eb hungarez q\u00eb zbuloi shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nga arkivat e Venedikut, Raguz\u00ebs, Rom\u00ebs. – Taloci p\u00ebr nga origjina ishte hungarez i lindur n\u00eb Ofen (Hungari) m\u00eb 8 dhjetor 1854. Ishte themeluesi i k\u00ebrkimeve dhe hulumtimeve hungareze mbi Balkanin. Studimet i kreu n\u00eb Universitetin e Budapestit. M\u00eb von\u00eb punoi n\u00eb Arkivin Shtet\u00ebror t\u00eb Hungaris\u00eb. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":13474,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85,10,86],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori","category-kultura","category-trashegimi-kulturore"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Taloci-Copy.jpg?fit=233%2C397&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-3vj","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":100318,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/u-propozua-si-ambasador-i-shba-ne-shqiperi-shkrimi-i-kostelancik-rama-mbrojti-aleaten-e-tij-balluku-ne-kuvend-lufta-antikorrupsion-ka-deshtuar\/","url_meta":{"origin":13473,"position":0},"title":"U propozua si ambasador i SHBA n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, shkrimi i Kostelancik: – Rama mbrojti aleaten e tij Balluku n\u00eb Kuvend, lufta antikorrupsion ka d\u00ebshtuar","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 15, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"15 Maji 2026 Diplomati David J. Kostelancik, i cili u propozua nga Joe Biden n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur ishte president i SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb ambasadori amerikan n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, por u refuzua nga Kongresi, i ka kushtuar nj\u00eb shkrim t\u00eb gjat\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Kostelancik, n\u00eb shkrimin e tij bashk\u00eb me autorin\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Politika"","block_context":{"text":"Politika","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/politika\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-david-j-kostelancik-1704393273.jpg?fit=544%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-david-j-kostelancik-1704393273.jpg?fit=544%2C426&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/640-0-david-j-kostelancik-1704393273.jpg?fit=544%2C426&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100084,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/negociatat-ne-2028-rama-terhiqet-nga-premtimi-kryesor-i-mandatit-te-katert\/","url_meta":{"origin":13473,"position":1},"title":"‘Negociatat n\u00eb 2028’\/ Rama t\u00ebrhiqet nga premtimi kryesor i mandatit t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 10, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"10 Maji 2026 Pasi e p\u00ebrdori integrimin europian si premtimin kryesor t\u00eb mandatit t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt, Edi Rama u detyrua t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb shtyrjen e afateve p\u00ebr mbylljen e negociatave, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb par\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrg\u00ebnjeshtruar kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt e tij politik\u00eb. N\u00eb procesin e mundimsh\u00ebm t\u00eb negociatave me Bashkimin Europian, ka nj\u00eb moment kur\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Edi-Rama.jpg?fit=900%2C448&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":100145,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/sekreti-i-erret-i-familjes-holandeze-zbulohet-pas-80-vitesh-piktura-e-grabitur-nga-nazistet-e-koleksionistit-hebre\/","url_meta":{"origin":13473,"position":2},"title":"Sekreti i err\u00ebt i familjes holandeze, zbulohet pas 80 vitesh piktura e grabitur nga nazist\u00ebt e koleksionistit hebre","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"May 12, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"12 Maji 2026 Nj\u00eb piktur\u00eb e vjedhur nga nazist\u00ebt gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e pasardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtori t\u00eb njohur holandez t\u00eb regjimit nazist, duke rikthyer n\u00eb v\u00ebmendje plag\u00ebt e grabitjes s\u00eb veprave t\u00eb artit gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs. 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