{"id":10397,"date":"2018-07-30T12:17:00","date_gmt":"2018-07-30T12:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/?p=10397"},"modified":"2018-07-30T12:17:00","modified_gmt":"2018-07-30T12:17:00","slug":"perandori-ilr-i-rromes-diokleciani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/perandori-ilr-i-rromes-diokleciani\/","title":{"rendered":"Perandori Ilr i Rromes – Diokleciani. –"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Perandori Ilr i Rromes – Diokleciani. –<\/p>\n

Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (Spalato, rreth 243 – rreth 313), lindur n\u00ebn emrin Diokle, ishte nj\u00eb perandor romak nga 20 n\u00ebntor 284 deri me 1 maj 305.<\/p>\n

Diokleciani lindi n\u00eb Iliri, bir i nj\u00eb shkruesi t\u00eb senatorit Anulino, ai u ngrit shpejt n\u00eb gradat e ushtris\u00eb romake. Prij\u00ebsi i ushtris\u00eb romake, u zgjodh me 20 n\u00ebntor 284 si z\u00ebvend\u00ebsues i Numerianit t\u00eb vrar\u00eb nga Piraro, dhe pas vrasjes s\u00eb Karinos, n\u00eb korrik 285, ai u b\u00eb perandori i vet\u00ebm, duke ndryshuar emrin n\u00eb Dioklecian.<\/span><\/p>\n

Veprimtaria ushtarake<\/p>\n

Diokleciani ne vitin 287 hyri ne ushtri.<\/p>\n

Politika e Dioklecianit<\/p>\n

Diokleciani erdhi n\u00eb pushtet, kur perandoria ishte zhytur n\u00eb anarki t\u00eb plot\u00eb. Gjat\u00eb gjysm\u00ebshekullit paraardh\u00ebs, 26 gjeneral\u00eb ishin shpallur perandor\u00eb, pastaj ishin vrar\u00eb. Me prejardhje shum\u00eb modeste (ai ishte bir skllev\u00ebrish), Diokleciani rivendosi rregullin n\u00eb perandori dhe mbret\u00ebroi pa rival, p\u00ebr 20 vjet.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Perandoria e re” e Dioklecianit ishte nj\u00eb monarki absolute. Dominati z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoi Principat\u00ebn e Augustit. Pushteti suprem u nda nd\u00ebrmjet 4 “tetrark\u00ebve” dhe roli i Rom\u00ebs u reduktua vet\u00ebm si kryeqytet administrativ, nd\u00ebrsa vendimet politike merreshin nga provincat. Regjimi e vuri theksin tek efektshm\u00ebria e administrat\u00ebs dhe te mbrojtja kund\u00ebr barbar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Nisur nga asgj\u00eb, arritjet e Dioklecianit i detyrohen talentit dhe vullnetit t\u00eb tij. I dal\u00eb nga radh\u00ebt e ushtris\u00eb, ai u b\u00eb guvernator i Mesis\u00eb, pastaj konsull dhe komandant i gard\u00ebs s\u00eb pallatit. Ai u dallua gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Persis\u00eb. Pas vdekjes s\u00eb Numerienit, ai u shpall nga rival\u00ebt e tij si njeriu m\u00eb i denj\u00eb p\u00ebr fronin perandorak. Meqen\u00ebse mbret\u00ebrimi i tij kishte filluar me vrasjen e paraardh\u00ebsit t\u00eb tij, Diokleciani u tregua shum\u00eb i kujdessh\u00ebm dhe vendosi t\u00eb ndante komandat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme me rival\u00ebt, q\u00eb, ndoshta, k\u00ebrkonin ta m\u00ebnjanonin. N\u00eb fillim, Diokleciani zgjodhi si ndihm\u00ebs nj\u00eb gjeneral ilir, Maksimianin, i p\u00ebrshkruar nga Aurel Viktori si “nj\u00eb mik besnik, disi i pagdhendur, por i pajisur me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe ushtarake dhe me nj\u00eb shkatht\u00ebsi t\u00eb natyrshme”. Detyra e tij q\u00ebndronte n\u00eb administrimin e \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve shtet\u00ebrore n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb, n\u00eb territorin gal, ku kishin shp\u00ebrthyer revoltat, si dhe n\u00eb sigurimin e nj\u00eb mbrojtjeje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb Rom\u00ebs kund\u00ebr sulmeve t\u00eb gjerman\u00ebve. Maksimiani u b\u00eb bashk\u00ebperandor, mori titujt Cezar, August, Herkul, dhe e vendosi “oborrin” e tij perandorak n\u00eb Milano. Kjo ndarje e pushtetit funksionoi aq mir\u00eb, sa n\u00eb vitin 293 Diokleciani e shnd\u00ebrroi diarkin\u00eb n\u00eb tetrarki. Ai em\u00ebroi dy gjeneral\u00eb t\u00eb rinj, q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb Cezar\u00ebt e dy August\u00ebve. Konstanc Klori u b\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs i Maksimianit, nd\u00ebrsa Galeri, i Dioklecianit. P\u00ebr t\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar mbrojtjen ushtarake, perandoria u nda n\u00eb kat\u00ebr rajone, secili i pajisur me kryeqytetin e tij administrativ.<\/p>\n

Shuma t\u00eb konsiderueshme iu kushtuan nj\u00eb programi t\u00eb gjer\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimesh, por mbret\u00ebrimi i Dioklecianit \u00ebsht\u00eb shquar p\u00ebr reforma t\u00eb qen\u00ebsishme n\u00eb administrat\u00ebn ushtarake dhe civile, me nj\u00eb ndarje gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre dy deg\u00ebve t\u00eb pushtetit politik. Provincat u zvog\u00ebluan shum\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb leht\u00ebsoi administrimin dhe unitetin e tyre. Guvernator\u00ebt u \u00e7liruan nga komanda ushtarake. U krijua nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi e re, dioqeza, q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej nga shum\u00eb provinca. \u00c7do dioqez\u00eb drejtohej nga nj\u00eb vikar, i deleguari i prefektit t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs, i cili ndihmohej nga nj\u00eb ekip funksionar\u00ebsh civile. Nj\u00eb sistem i ri i vler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb taksave, i shoq\u00ebruar me nj\u00eb regjistrim t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, leht\u00ebsoi p\u00ebrllogaritjen e t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb parashikuara p\u00ebr \u00e7do pjes\u00eb t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb. P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb u b\u00eb i mundur parashikimi i shpenzimeve n\u00eb funksion t\u00eb parashikimit t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb sigurta.<\/p>\n

Politika ushtarake mbeti n\u00eb radh\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimeve. Bretanja e Madhe u ripushtua, nd\u00ebrsa territoret e Mesopotamis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Armenis\u00eb e zmadhuan perandorin\u00eb. U nd\u00ebrtua nj\u00eb sistem fortifikimesh t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb. Studimi i listave ushtarake tregon p\u00ebr mobilizimin e shum\u00eb nj\u00ebsive t\u00eb reja. Pajisja me uniforma dhe arm\u00eb sigurohej nga fabrikat e arm\u00ebve dhe fabrikat e leshit dhe t\u00eb lirit. Si pasoj\u00eb, krahu i pun\u00ebs sa vinte dhe b\u00ebhej m\u00eb i pak\u00ebt. Rekrutimi i vullnetar\u00ebve nuk ishte i efektsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb ushtri dhe n\u00eb industrit\u00eb e lidhura me t\u00eb, f\u00ebmij\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb ndiqnin karrier\u00ebn e prind\u00ebrve t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb reformuar ekonomin\u00eb nuk pat\u00ebn efekt jet\u00ebgjat\u00eb. Ligji i famsh\u00ebm i Maksimumit, i vitit 301, q\u00eb fiksonte \u00e7mime maksimale p\u00ebr mallrat dhe pagat, solli zhdukjen e produkteve nga tregu dhe monedha e re nuk arriti t\u00eb stabilizonte ekonomin\u00eb. Por, megjithat\u00eb, mbret\u00ebrimi i Dioklecianit sh\u00ebnoi nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb qet\u00ebsie dhe paqeje p\u00ebr perandorin\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 305, pasi vuri n\u00eb vij\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e pasardh\u00ebsit t\u00eb tij, Diokleciani abdikoi dhe u t\u00ebrhoq n\u00eb pallatin e tij luksoz n\u00eb Split, n\u00eb bregun dalmat, ku vdiq nga pleq\u00ebria 9 vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb. Historia nuk e ka vler\u00ebsuar sa duhet r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Dioklecianit. Fakti q\u00eb ai i persekutoi t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt e err\u00ebson kujtimin e tij, por \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se gjykimet historike bazohen m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb paragjykime, sesa n\u00eb fakte. P\u00ebr Laktancin, shkrimtar i krishter\u00eb, Diokleciani qe nj\u00eb zog i s\u00eb keqes, i cili, me koprracin\u00eb dhe posht\u00ebrsin\u00eb e tij, e zhyti t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00eb. Autor\u00ebt pagan\u00eb, si Aureli, duket se q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebrt v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, kur i gjykojn\u00eb veprimin e tij si t\u00eb efektsh\u00ebm dhe ligjet e tij gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb drejta.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpjekja e madhe e Dioklecianit q\u00eb per\u00ebndit\u00eb tradicionale romake t\u00eb rijetonin dhe kulti i tij perandorak p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim p\u00ebr t\u00eb krishter\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin jetuar n\u00eb paqe q\u00eb prej ligjit t\u00eb Toleranc\u00ebs, t\u00eb vitit 260. N\u00eb m\u00ebngjesin e 23 shkurtit t\u00eb vitit 303, trupat perandorake i vun\u00eb zjarrin nj\u00eb kishe t\u00eb Nikomedis\u00eb, e cila shihej nga pallati i Dioklecianit. Ligji i par\u00eb, i dal\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn dit\u00eb, urdh\u00ebronte q\u00eb t\u00eb mbylleshin t\u00eb gjitha kishat dhe t\u00eb digjeshin tekstet e shenjta. Ai u ndoq nga nj\u00eb ligj i dyt\u00eb q\u00eb i urdh\u00ebronte t\u00eb gjith\u00eb besimtar\u00ebt e fes\u00eb s\u00eb krishter\u00eb t\u00eb adhuronin per\u00ebndit\u00eb pagane dhe, n\u00ebse nuk e b\u00ebnin nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, ata do t\u00eb d\u00ebnoheshin me vdekje. Peshkopi Donat qe nj\u00eb nga viktimat e shumta t\u00eb persekutimit. Pasi refuzoi t\u00eb hiqte dor\u00eb nga besimi i tij, at\u00eb e fut\u00ebn n\u00eb burg, p\u00ebr 6 vjet, dhe ndaj tij u ushtrua 9 her\u00eb tortura e k\u00ebmbalecit. Me gjith\u00eb vuajtjen e madhe, ai arriti t\u00eb mbijetonte dhe krijoi nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje skizmatike p\u00ebr t\u00eb protestuar kund\u00ebr kthimit tek Kisha t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb atyre q\u00eb kishin hequr dor\u00eb nga besimi i krishter\u00eb gjat\u00eb persekutimeve.<\/p>\n

JET\u00cbSHKRIMET \u2013 KURESHTI NGA JETA E DIOLECIANIT<\/p>\n

Me vendim t\u00eb gjeneral\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb tribun\u00ebve, Valer Diokleciani, komandant i gard\u00ebs s\u00eb pallatit, zgjidhet perandor, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb urt\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb tij. Ai ishte nj\u00eb burr\u00eb i fuqish\u00ebm dhe thuhet se ishte i pari q\u00eb u vesh me pallto t\u00eb q\u00ebndisur me ar dhe q\u00eb lakmoi k\u00ebpuc\u00ebt me m\u00ebndafsh dhe cop\u00eb t\u00eb kuqe, t\u00eb zbukuruara me gur\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7muar.
\nGjithashtu, ai ka qen\u00eb i pari, pas Kaligul\u00ebs dhe Domicianit, q\u00eb k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb thirrej “zot” ose “per\u00ebndi” n\u00eb publik. Por cilat do qofshin t\u00eb metat e Dioklecianit, ato kompensoheshin nga cil\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe zem\u00ebrgjer\u00ebsia e tij. Sepse, ndon\u00ebse mori titullin “zot”, gjithmon\u00eb ai sillej me romak\u00ebt si nj\u00eb baba.
\nNdon\u00ebse asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk u adhurua si per\u00ebndi, Diokleciani konsiderohej bashk\u00eb me Maksimianin si “bij t\u00eb per\u00ebndis\u00eb dhe krijues per\u00ebndish”. N\u00eb vitin 287, ai e quajti veten Jovi, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi i Jupiterit mbi tok\u00eb.
\nDiokleciani, i vendosur n\u00eb Nikomedi, vazhdoi t\u00eb qeveriste pjes\u00ebn Lindore t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb sipas m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb monark\u00ebve lindor\u00eb, i veshur me rroba t\u00eb pispillosura dhe duke k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb p\u00ebrkuleshin n\u00eb pranin\u00eb e tij.<\/p>\n

Burime historike<\/p>\n

Diokleciani shkoi ne Rom\u00eb ta shp\u00ebtoj nga kriza, ai nuk q\u00ebndroi ne Rom\u00eb por e zgjodhi selin\u00eb e tij ne detin Marmara.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Perandori Ilr i Rromes – Diokleciani. – Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (Spalato, rreth 243 – rreth 313), lindur n\u00ebn emrin Diokle, ishte nj\u00eb perandor romak nga 20 n\u00ebntor 284 deri me 1 maj 305. Diokleciani lindi n\u00eb Iliri, bir i nj\u00eb shkruesi t\u00eb senatorit Anulino, ai u ngrit shpejt n\u00eb gradat e ushtris\u00eb romake. Prij\u00ebsi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":10398,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[27,85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogu-i-udhetarit","category-histori"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Perandori-Ilr-i-Rromes-Diokleciani-Copy.jpg?fit=704%2C715&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p5Z6wp-2HH","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":63417,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/frymezoi-figuren-e-babagjyshit-zbulohet-ne-turqi-varri-i-shenjtorit\/","url_meta":{"origin":10397,"position":0},"title":"Frym\u00ebzoi figur\u00ebn e \u2018Babagjyshit\u2019, zbulohet n\u00eb Turqi varri i shenjtorit","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"October 19, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"19 Tetor 2022 Varri i Sh\u00ebn Nikoll\u00ebs, shenjtorit q\u00eb frym\u00ebzoi figur\u00ebn e Babagjyshit, \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar nga arkeolog\u00ebt posht\u00eb rr\u00ebnojave t\u00eb nj\u00eb kishe antike n\u00eb Turqi, e cila u fundos nga rritja e nivelit t\u00eb detit n\u00eb Mesdhe gjat\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs. 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Monedha mban emrin e Sponsian dhe portreti i tij u gjet m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 300 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb Transilvani, dikur\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit"","block_context":{"text":"Blogu i Udh\u00ebtarit","link":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/category\/blogu-i-udhetarit\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/gold-coin-649x383-1.jpg?fit=649%2C383&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/gold-coin-649x383-1.jpg?fit=649%2C383&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/gold-coin-649x383-1.jpg?fit=649%2C383&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":97618,"url":"https:\/\/www.shqiperia.com\/blog\/cfare-ishte-perandoria-e-shenjte-romake\/","url_meta":{"origin":10397,"position":2},"title":"\u00c7far\u00eb ishte Perandoria e Shenjt\u00eb Romake?","author":"Kurt Farka","date":"February 12, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"12 Shkurt 2026 Perandoria e Shenjt\u00eb Romake ishte nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb politike shum\u00eb e madhe q\u00eb, p\u00ebr rreth nj\u00eb mij\u00eb vjet (nga rreth viti 800 deri m\u00eb 1806), mbuloi pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Qendrore. 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